不同旧膜再利用方式对向日葵产量及水分利用效率的影响  

Effect of Re-used Plastic Film Mulching under Different Planting Patterns on Sunflower′s Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Hetao Area

作　　者：闫雅非[1] 刘景辉[1] 史建国[1,2] 贾利欣 张志栋[1] 融晓萍 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]包头轻工职业技术学院,内蒙古包头014035 [3]内蒙古农业技术推广站,内蒙古呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《华北农学报》2012年第6期219-223,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：农作物新品种及配套栽培技术"地膜二次利用免耕直播杂交向日葵栽培技术推广"(20101110);农业部"土壤有机质提升试点补贴-免耕栽培技术推广"项目;内蒙古农业大学创新团队项目(NDTD2010-8)

摘　　要：为寻找合理的旧膜再利用种植方式,有效发挥旧膜覆盖的保水保墒作用,2010-2011年在河套地区进行了旧膜上种植(JS)、旧膜间种植(JJ)及露地种植(W)向日葵对土壤水分变化和产量的影响对比试验。结果表明,两年内,JS和JJ整个生育期0～40 cm土层含水量均显著高于W(P<0.05),40～100 cm土层含水量高于W,差异不显著。在0～40 cm土层,旧膜能有效抑制土壤水分蒸发,提高作物的水分利用率,JS和JJ的籽粒产量和籽粒水分利用效率要显著高于W,其中以JJ的效果最为显著。JJ籽粒产量较JS和W分别增加了1.34%,12.92%,0.88%,17.82%。说明旧膜仍有利用价值,而且以JJ效果最好。Aiming at finding best planting patterns mulching with re-used plastic film,the study investigated the effects of re-used plastic film mulching under different planting patterns（mulching on lines（JS）and mulching under lines（JJ））on sunflower′s yield and water use efficiency by compared with bare field in Hetao area,China.The results showed that,both planting patterns with re-used film mulching could increased soil water at different degree.Compared with bare field,soil moisture of re-used film was higher significantly in 0-40 cm,and no significant in 40-100 cm.Meanwhile,the grain yield and water use efficiency（WUE）of re-used film were higher significantly than that of bare field in 0-40 cm,especially the grain yield of JJ were higher significantly than that of bare field 12.92% in 2010 and 17.82% in 2011,than that of JS 1.34% in 2010 and 0.88% in 2011,but no significant.So it was worth to apply re-used film to agriculture production for improving the soil moisture,enhancing water use efficiency and increasing the yield of sunflower.At the same time,especially,we suggest that the application of re-used film mulching on the lines as a suitable soil management practice increase soil water and WUE in Hetao area or other areas with similar conditions.

关 键 词：旧膜再利用 向日葵 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]