大安市暗管改碱水稻示范区地下水位与水质变化研究  

Changes of Groundwater Table and Quality in Da′an Rice-planting Demonstration Plot with Subsurface Drainage Alkali-amending

作　　者：王涛[1] 窦森[1] 张玉广 张大军 王常宇 江振东[3] 吴劲松[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省土地整理中心,长春130042 [3]大安市国土资源局,大安131300

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2012年第6期645-649,666,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2009BAC55B05)

摘　　要：通过对大安市暗管改碱水稻示范区地下水位、pH、电导率、总碱度、钠离子吸附比等指标随时间变化的研究,得出了大安市暗管改碱水稻示范区地下水位与水质变化规律。结果表明：（1）2011—2012年,大安市暗管改碱水稻示范区的地下水位在3.05~3.95m间波动;2012年地下水位平均值比2011年下降0.16 m,且地下水位控制在临界深度以下。（2）2011年地下水pH和电导率的平均值分别为8.45和1.39 ms/cm,2012年地下水pH和电导率的平均值分别为8.01和1.05 ms/cm,分别比2011年降低了0.44和0.34 ms/cm。地下水pH和电导率总体上随时间推进呈现降低趋势。（3）地下水的盐分离子中,HCO3-和Na＋是主要阴、阳离子,且两离子含量之和占总盐分离子含量的百分比以及总碱度和钠离子吸附比均随时间呈现下降趋势。地下水的HCO3-和Na＋含量、总碱度以及钠离子吸附比均在2012年5月3日出现最高值,分别为753.09 mg/L、503.67 mg/L、13.13 mmol/L和21.26。暗管能将地下水位控制在临界深度以下,而且随着暗管洗盐排碱及种稻的进行,地下水pH、电导率、总碱度、钠离子吸附比等指标呈现下降趋势,地下水水质逐渐改善。Based on the researches on time-varying changes of groundwater table,pH,electrical conductivity,total alkalinity and sodium adsorption ratio in Da′an rice-planting demonstration plot with subsurface drainage alkali-amending,the paper draws the conclusion that the changes of groundwater table and quality is clocklike.The results show that：（1） from 2011 to 2012,the groundwater table of Da′an rice-planting demonstration plot with subsurface drainage alkali-amending fluctuated between 3.05 m and 3.95 m;Compared with the groundwater table of 2011 in average,the average of 2012 decreased by 0.16 m,and the subsurface drainage could control the groundwater table and made it below the critical depth.（2） In 2011,the averages of groundwater pH and electrical conductivity were 8.45 and 1.39 ms/cm respectively,and in 2012,the averages of groundwater pH and electrical conductivity were 8.01 and 1.05 ms/cm respectively.Compared with the averages of groundwater pH and electrical conductivity in 2011,the averages in 2012 decreaed by 0.44 and 0.34 ms/cm respectively.Groundwater pH and electrical conductivity on the whole present a decreasing tendency over time.（3） The main negative ion and the positive ion are HCO3-and Na＋,and the total alkalinity,sodium adsorption ratio and the percentage of two ion content in both sums decline with time.The content of HCO3-and Na-,and the total alkalinity and sodium adsorption ratio are both higher than those on May 3,2012 and they are 753.09 mg/L,503.67 mg/L,13.13 mmol/L and 21.26 respectively.To sum up,the subsurface drainage can control the groundwater table and make it below the critical depth.As the alkali-amending and rice-planting go on,pH,electrical conductivity,total alkalinity and sodium adsorption ratio of groundwater present a downward trend,and groundwater quality is gradually improved.

关 键 词：暗管改碱 水稻 地下水 水位 水质 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]