苯酚对红鳍东方幼鱼的急性毒性及对肝脏抗氧化酶的影响  

Effects of Phenol on Hepatic Antioxidant Enzymes and Acute Toxicity in Juvenile Takifugu rubripes

作　　者：石洪玥[1] 姜志强[1] 高小强[1] 宫雪[1] 吴洪[1] 李艳秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学农业部北方海水增养殖重点实验室,大连116023

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2012年第6期682-687,704,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省高等学校优秀人才支持计划项目(LR201010);国家海洋局公益性行业科研专项(2012418025)

摘　　要：采用静水生物测试法研究了苯酚对红鳍东方(Takifugu rubripes)幼鱼的急性毒性并进行安全评价。试验鱼体质量为(7.50±1.09)g,全长(7.92±1.38)cm。根据预试验结果,急性试验设定苯酚质量浓度梯度为0,3.2,6.5,10.0,13.2,16.5,20.0 mg/L,每组试验浓度分别暴露24,48,96 h。亚急性试验设定质量浓度梯度为0,0.18,0.32,0.56,1.00,1.35 mg/L,每组试验浓度分别暴露4,8,12,16 d,以肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽-S转移酶(GST)活性为指标,研究了苯酚污染对红鳍东方幼鱼的毒理作用。结果表明:在急性试验中,苯酚质量浓度的升高会对红鳍东方幼鱼产生较大毒性,暴露24,48,96 h的LC50分别为17.56,15.41,12.09 mg/L,安全质量浓度为1.21 mg/L。亚急性试验,不同苯酚浓度处理组的红鳍东方幼鱼在暴露16 d时,肝组织中SOD和GST的活性均表现出被显著抑制(P<0.05)。随着暴露时间的延长,GSH-PX的活性均表现出先升高再降低的趋势,其活力最高值由高浓度组逐渐移向低浓度组;与对照组(0 mg/L)相比,各组总SOD活性随着暴露时间的延长,呈现先降低后升高再下降的趋势,除0.18 mg/L浓度组外,其他浓度组在暴露16 d时,与对照组相比均差异显著(P<0.05);各浓度组的GST活性随暴露时间的延长基本呈现逐渐降低的趋势。The acute toxicity of phenol and the changes of antioxidant enzyme of Takifugu rubripes juvenile with weight of（7.50±1.09） g and total length of（7.92±1.38） cm were studied by the static test method.The acute experimental concentrations of phenol were set up at 0,3.2,6.5,10.0,13.2,16.5 and 20.0 mg/L,and the exposure time were set up at 24 h,48 h and 96 h.The sub acute experimental concentrations of phenol were 0,0.18,0.32,0.56,1.00,1.35 mg/L and the exposure time was set up at 4,8,12,16 d.Glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX）,superoxide dismutase（SOD） and glutathione S-transferase（GST） activity in liver were used as an indicator of phenol pollution on toxicological effect of Takifugu rubripes.The results showed that phenol was a drastic toxicant,the 24 h,48 h and 96 h median lethal concentrations of phenol were 17.56 mg/L,15.41 mg/L and 12.09 mg/L respectively,the safe concentration was 1.21 mg/L.Furthermore,the results of sub acute experiment showed that the activities of SOD and GST in the liver tissues of Takifugu rubripes were restrained obviously within 16 d（P0.05）.With the extension of exposure time,GSHPX activity first increased and then showed a decreasing trend,the maximum value from high concentration moved towards low-concentration group gradually.Compared to the control group（0 mg/L）,the total SOD activity in each group also first increased and then decreased after a downward trend.In addition to 0.18 mg/L concentration,the other concentrations were significantly different（P0.05）within 16 d.Basically the concentrations of GST activity decreased gradually with the extension of exposure time.

关 键 词：苯酚 红鳍东方鲀 急性试验 亚急性试验 抗氧化酶 

分 类 号：S941.91[农业科学—水产养殖]