云南省15个少数民族7岁以下儿童贫血情况调查分析  

A survey on anemia among children under 7 years of age from 15 minority ethnic groups in Yunnan

作　　者：姚莉琴[1] 邹团标[1] 刘锦桃[2] 赵钟鸣[3] 王兴田[3] 全星[3] 忽丽莎[3] 陈谦[4] 杨发斌[5] 

机构地区：[1]云南省妇幼保健院检验科,昆明650051 [2]云南省妇幼保健院儿保科,昆明650051 [3]云南省妇幼保健院科研科,昆明650051 [4]云南省妇幼保健院儿科,昆明650051 [5]云南省妇幼保健院检眼科,昆明650051

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2013年第1期34-41,共8页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的了解云南省少数民族儿童贫血的水平和分布特征。方法采取随机整群抽样方法，调查云南省15个少数民族及汉族13336名7岁以下儿童贫血情况。结果云南省15个特有少数民族7岁以下儿童贫血患病率13．6％；不同民族间有差异（X^2=716．33，P〈0．01），最高的是景颇族（26．6％），最低的是白族（3．5％）。不同地区有差异，靠边境地域的州市贫血患病率高，德宏州居首（23．8％），内地州市贫血患病率低，最低的县市是福贡县（2．7％）。男童贫血患病率高于女童，男童为13．8％，女童为12．1％；在不同年龄组内各民族贫血患病率差异有统计学意义（6个月-〈1岁：X^2=70．52，P〈0．01；1-〈2岁：X^2=185．86，P〈0．01；2-〈5岁：X^2=296．12，P〈0．01；5-〈6岁：X^2=107．11，P〈0．01；6-〈7岁：X^2=185．02，P〈0．01），最高的是德昂族，1～〈2岁时达59．0％，变化趋势为：高峰在6个月～〈1岁组，以后渐下降，6岁后又上升。结论云南省15个特有少数民族7岁以下儿童贫血患病率13．6％；不同地州不同民族的贫血患病率不同，相差较大；不同年龄段内不同民族的贫血患病率不同，相差较大，患病率为高峰在6个月～1岁组，以后渐下降，6岁后又上升。贫血患病率与民族和地域有关。Objective To investigate the level and distribution characteristics of anemia of the minority ethnic group children in Yunnan. Method The cases with anemia were surveyed from 13 336 samples of 15 minority ethnic groups and Han children in Yunnan by Taking the method of random cluster sampling. Result The prevalence of anemia among the children under 7 years of age of 15 ethnic groups of minority in Yunnan was 13.6%. There are differences among the different ethnic groups （ X^2 =716. 33, P 〈 0.01 ）, the highest was 26. 6% in Jingpo, the lowest was 3.5% in Bai. There were differences among the different regions,the prevalence of anemia was high in the border regions City, the highest was 23.8% in Dehong; the prevalence of anemia was low in inland cities, the lowest was 2. 7% in Fugong, and was higher in border areas. The prevalence of anemia was higher in boys （ 13.6% ） than in girls （ 12. 1% ）. There were differences among the different age in the different ethnic groups（6 months to 1 years old： X^2 = 70. 52, P 〈 0. 01 ;1-2 years old： X^2 = 185.86, P 〈 0. 01 ; 2-5 years old： X^2 = 296. 12, P 〈 0. 01 ; 5-6 years old： X^2 = 107. 11 ,P 〈0. 01 ;6-7 years old：X^2 = 185.02, P 〈0. 01 ）, the highest was 59. 0% of Deang in 1 to 2 years old children. The trend of change was that the highest prevalence was seen in 6 months to 1 year old children, the prevalence gradually declined among older children, but rose again in children 6 years of age or older. Conclusion The prevalence of anemia was 13.6% among the children of 15 ethnic minority under 7 years of age in Yunnan. There were differences among different ethnic groups of minority in different prefectures. There were differences among different ethnic groups of different age groups, but it was highest in 6 months to 1 year old children, it declined among older children, and rose in children 6 years of age or older. The prevalence of anemia was related to the ethnic and geographic factors.

关 键 词：少数民族 儿童 贫血 中国 

分 类 号：R725.5[医药卫生—儿科]