砷暴露对女性月经的影响  

Influence of arsenic exposure on menstruation

作　　者：杨卫红[1] 郭志伟 韩晓红[1] 夏雅娟 武克恭 李艳红 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古医科大学流行病教研室,呼和浩特010059 [2]内蒙古地方病防治研究中心

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2013年第1期27-29,共3页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：目的探讨砷暴露对女性月经情况的影响。方法2004年，采用整群抽样方法，对内蒙古巴彦淖尔市临河区、杭锦后旗和五原县5个乡10个社的所有10—65岁的女性，采集家中饮用水水样检测水砷，并按照水砷不同，调查对象分为对照组（40．01mg／L）、低砷组（〉0．01～0．10mg／L）、中砷组（〉0．10～0．20mg／L）和高砷组（〉0．20mg／L）进行月经相关情况调查。结果共计调查602名女性，其中月经初潮前有砷暴露者83人，其月经初潮年龄为（14．37±1．54）岁；停经前有砷暴露者90人，停经年龄为（48．13±0．41）岁。经过相关性分析，月经初潮年龄和停经年龄与砷暴露年限均呈正相关，相关系数分别为0．268、0．278（P均〈0．05）。与对照组[14．0％（16／112）]比较，中砷组月经异常率[18．2％（16／88）]有所增加，低砷组[12．1％（21／173）]、高砷组[10．2％（19／186）]有所降低，但4组比较差异无统计学意义（X。=3．664，P〉0．05）。结论长期砷暴露可以使女性月经的初潮年龄和停经年龄有所推迟，提示砷具有一定的内分泌干扰作用或雌激素样效应。Objective To study the influence of arsenic exposure on menstruation. Methods A cluster sampling method was applied to select the subjects of women aged 10 to 65 from Linhe, Hangjinhouqi and Wuyuan counties in Inner Mongolia in 2004. Drinking water samples were collected to detect arsenic levels, and menstrual related situation was surveyed. The subjects were divided into four groups according to drinking water arsenic concentration： control（~〈0.01 mg/L）, low（ 〉 0.01 - 0.10 mg/L）, moderate（ 〉 0.10 - 0.20 mg/L） and high（ 〉 0.20 mg/L）. Results A total of 602 women were surveyed. There were 83 subjects exposed to arsenic before menarche and their menarche age was （14.37 ± 1.54） years old. There were 90 people exposed to arsenic before menopause and the menopause age was （48.13 ± 0.41 ） years old. The age of menarche and menopause were positively related to the years of arsenic exposure, and correlation coefficients were 0.268 and 0.278（all P 〈 0.05）. Compared to control group（14.0%, 16/112）, menstrual abnormality rate decreased in low（12.1%, 21/173） and high dose groups（10.2%, 19/186）, while increased in the moderate dose group （ 18.2%, 16/88）, but the differences were not statistically significant（x2 = 3.664, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Long-term arsenic exposure delays the menarche and menopause age, suggesting that arsenic has certain endocrine disruption or estrogen-like effects.

关 键 词：砷中毒 月经 环境 雌激素类 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]