无并发视网膜病变的糖尿病患者色觉改变  

Characteristics of color discrimination changes in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy

作　　者：孙堂胜[1] 张卯年[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区福州总医院476临床部眼科,福州350002 [2]解放军总医院眼科

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2013年第1期41-46,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的观察糖尿病患者早期未出现糖尿病视网膜病变时的色觉改变。方法回顾性系列病例研究。纳入78例（126只眼）经临床确诊的无并发视网膜病变的2型糖尿病患者（糖尿病组）和64例（114只眼）健康体检者（对照组）作为研究对象。采用FarnsworthMunsell-100型色觉测试仪逐眼检测受检者的辨色力，记录总错误得分（TES）及红、绿、蓝各色彩的错误得分（ES），以原值和平方根值表示。同时分析受检者年龄、病程、性别及胰岛素使用时间与色觉异常程度之间的关系。组间检测数据比较采用t检验、t′检验或u检验，色觉异常程度与受检者年龄、病程及胰岛素使用时间的关系采用Spearman秩相关分析法。色觉异常程度与性别的关系采用t检验（正态）或秩和检验（非正态）。两组频数比较采用卡方检验，3组辨色力之间的比较采用Wilcoxon秩和检验。结果糖尿病组和对照组TES分别为63．80±34．19和30．39±4．57，平方根值分别为7．69±2．17和5．50±0．42，两组差异均有统计学意义（TES比较：u=4．87，平方根值比较：u=4．91；P〈0．05）。糖尿病组红、绿、蓝3种色彩的Es分别为9．39±8．61、12．67±9．71、12．39±8．05，3种色彩的平方根值分别为2．62±1．60、3．23±1．51、3．28±1．27；对照组3种色彩的Es分别为5．13±3．59、7．00±1．84、6．81±2．70，3种色彩的平方根值分别为1．95±1．17、2．62±0．36、2．52±0．68；两组差异均有统计学意义（3种色彩的ES比较：u=3．62，4．94，5．40；3种色彩的平方根值比较：u=2．40，3．32，4．03；P〈0．05）。两组3种辨色力差异有统计学意义（u=4．071，P〈0．05）。除蓝色觉异常与受检者年龄相关（r=0．38，P〈0．05）外，红、绿、蓝3种色觉异常与糖尿病患者的性别（r=0．32～0．39）、病程（r=-0．02～0．23）及胰岛素使用时间（r=-0．03-0．1Objective To detect the color discrimination changes in early-stage diabetic patients. Methods Retrospective series case study. A total of 78 type 2 diabetic patients （126 eyes） without diabetic retinopathy were enrolled. Another 64 healthy individuals were selected as the normal control. Total error scores （TES） and each error score （ES） in distinguishing the red, green and blue colors were measured via the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue tester. The TES origin scores and their square roots were used for statistical analysis. The results of the two groups were compared. The influence of gender, age, duration of diabetic mellitus and application time of insulin on TES and each color＇s ES values was investigated. The t,t＇ or u -test was adopted to compare the mean of TES and ES values between these two groups; the Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between TES and ES values and age, duration and duration of insulin usage; the t test was employed to analyze the relationship between TES and 2 ES values vs. gender; the number of superior, average, low discrimination eyes were analyzed via the X test. Wilcoxon rank sum analysis was adopted in determining the color discrimination ability between these three groups. Results The TES and its square root values in the diabetic and normal groups were 63.80 ± 34. 19, 30. 39 ±4. 57 and 7. 69 ± 2. 17, 5.50± 0. 42, respectively. There were differences in both valuesbetween these two groups （ t = 4. 87, 4.91 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. The error scores and its square root values in distinguishing the red, green, blue colors in the diabetic group were 9.39±8.61, 12.67 ±9.71, 12. 39 ±8.05 and 2. 62± 1.60, 3.23± 1.51,3.28 ± 1.27, respectively, and the values were 5.13 ±3.59, 7.00± 1.84, 6. 81±2.70 and 1.95 ± 1.17, 2. 62 ±0. 36, 2. 52 ±0. 68, respectively, in the normal group. There were differences between these two groups （ u = 3.62, 4. 94, 5.40 and 2. 40, 3.32, 4. 03 ; P 〈 0.05 ）. Differences existed in discriminating

关 键 词：色觉缺陷 糖尿病并发症 色觉试验 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌] R774.1[医药卫生—内科学]