施氮和深松对春玉米根系性状的影响研究  

Studies on the Effects of Nitrogen Application and Soil Deep-loosing on Root Characteristics of Spring Maize

作　　者：张凤路[1] 刘鑫[1] 张怡明[1] 李少昆[2] 谢瑞芝[2] 修文雯[1] 牛兴奎[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省作物生长调控实验室,河北农业大学农学院,河北保定071001 [2]中国农业科学院作物所,北京100081

出　　处：《华北农学报》2012年第B12期309-314,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家重大基础研究项目(2009CB118601);“十二五”国家粮食丰产科技工程河北省项目(2011BAD16B08);国家自然科学基金项目(31071362);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2008000257)

摘　　要：试验于2009-2010年在吉林省中国农科院公主岭试验站进行。以耐密玉米品种郑单958为材料,采用2种密度(52 500株/hm2(LD)和82 500株/hm2(HD)),2个施氮水平(150 kg/hm2(LF)和300 kg/hm2(HF))研究了传统耕作方式和深松(40 cm)对玉米生长发育和根系的分布情况。结果表明:玉米的生长发育与密度、施氮水平以及耕作方式均有密切关系。在不同密度和施肥水平下,深松处理比传统耕作在植株总干物量、根系和籽粒产量等方面均有有利作用。深松有利于打破犁底层,根系在0～40 cm的分布明显优化。本研究阐明了在传统耕作条件下适度深耕增加产量的生理基础,并对高产玉米栽培具有重要意义。Experiment was conducted at Gongzhuling experimental station of Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin Province during 2009-2010.Density tolerant maize hybrid of Zhengdan 958（ZD） was used as experimental materials under 2 plant densities（52 500 plants/ha（LD） and 82 500 plants/ha（HD））,and 2 nitrogen application levels（150 kg/ha（LF） and 300 kg/ha（HF）） conditions.Maize growth and development and root characteristics were studied under the treatment of deep-loosening conditions（40 cm） with traditional soil tillage method as control.The result showed that the growth and development of maize plant have close relations with densities,nitrogen application levels and tillage methods.Plant total dry weight,root character and kernel yield under the treatment of deep-loosening conditions are better than those of traditional tillage under different density and nitrogen application level conditions.The plow-base soil layer is easily broken through by deep-loosening,and the distribution of root in 0-40 cm soil layer is optimized apparently.This experiment elucidated the mechanism of yield increase by the suitable deep-loosening treatment under traditional soil tillage conditions,and it is also of great meaning for high-yielding maize production.

关 键 词：玉米 深松 密度 根系性状 施氮量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学] S143