客商与地方土著的冲突与调适——清初至太平天国前浔州府社会面貌探讨  

The Conflict and Accommodation Between the Merchants and the Locals:The Xunzhou Prefecture from the Early Qing Dynasty to the Time before the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

作　　者：唐晓涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学民族学与社会学学院,广西南宁530006

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第1期105-114,共10页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"民间信仰与地域社会转型:太平天国历史根源的社会史考察"(08XZS009);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究项目"明清帝国的建构与西南土著社会演变"(11240-3191011);广西首批特聘专家岗项目"中国南方与东南亚民族研究"

摘　　要：对清代商人与乡村社会的互动及其如何影响地方历史进程的研究,需要发掘细致的地方材料加以阐释。地处广西中东部的浔州府是明代大藤峡"猺乱"核心区,也是清末太平天国起事地。18世纪广西浔州府河谷地带因应两广米粮贸易而迅速开发,大量粤东客商进入当地的活动,既改变了明代以土著"猺"、"獞"为主体的族群构成与认同,又成为引起地方经济开发的动力,更将珠江三角洲的士绅化和宗族化意识形态导入当地,深刻塑造了浔州府清初直至太平天国前的社会历史面貌。关于粤商在浔州府与地方力量的冲突与调适的探讨,有助于拓宽对所研究地域的社会面貌及历史进程的认识,是全面把握移民客商与地方土著的关系、乡村社会权力格局的演变等命题必不可少的前提。How the merchants from other parts of the country affected the development of the local rural society in the Qing dynasty requires more sophisticated explanation from the support of local documents. As the Great Vine Gorge in the middle eastern Guangxi Province played a key role not only in the Yao Wars in the Ming dynasty but also in the breakout of the Taiping Uprising, the local documents in this area are of great help to understand the underlying social changes that led to these significant events. From the 18th Century onwards, the river valleys in the Xunzbou Prefecture developed rapidly because of the burgeoning rice trade between Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, and as a result, a large numbers of mer- chants from east Guangdong entered this area. Tile immigration and economic growth subsequently changed the ethnic com- position and the identities of local Yao and Zhuang peoples. Furthermore, a gentrification process and the ideas of forming lineages were also brought in to influence the Xunzhou Prefecture during the years from the early Qiug to the eruption of the Taiping Uprising. The conflict and accommodation between the Guangdong merchants and the locals in this area have affect- ed the transformation in local politics which resulted in the complicated ethnic relations and social turmoil.

关 键 词：清代 广西 浔州府 土著 客商 移民 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]