口腔正畸治疗期间医院感染因素及预防措施  

Exploration of factors of nosocomial infections during orthodontics treatment and preventive measures

作　　者：刘芳[1] 赖碧娟[1] 郭鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院口腔正畸科,广东深圳518026

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第2期364-365,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨口腔正畸治疗期间发生医院感染的因素及相应的预防措施,为临床治疗提供参考。方法分别对口腔正畸器械使用前后进行细菌培养,记录培养结果并评价其受污染的情况;对医护人员的手在洗手前和洗手后直接取样,医疗器械物品表面可直接采样,弓丝、橡皮圈等器械直接取样送检,分别作好标记后送实验室培养。结果各种口腔正畸器械消毒前所受污染较重,消毒后污染明显降低(P<0.05);新拆封的托槽细菌培养结果为阴性,而其他正畸材料在消毒前培养结果均为革兰阳性球菌;医师和护士洗手前对手表面取样进行细菌培养,结果均为20CFU/cm2,按照医院施行的医护人员七步洗手法规范洗手后,医师手细菌为0.5CFU/cm2,护士手细菌为1CFU/cm2;洗手后医护人员的手细菌污染均有很大程度上的降低(P<0.05)。结论正确的洗手方式可以有效减少医护人员的手污染,正畸所需器械容易受到污染从而导致患者发生医院感染,需对器械进行严格消毒隔离,提高医护人员的感染控制意识。OBJECTIVE To study the factors of nosocomial infections during orthodontics treatment and explore the prevention measures so as to provide basis for the clinical treatment. METHODS The bacterial culture was performed for all the prthodontics eauipment before and after the use of them, the culture result was recorded, the contamination status was evaluated. The medical staff＇s hands were directly sampled before and after the washing, and the surfaces of the medical instruments were also directly sampled, the arch wires and rubber bands were submitted and sampled,then they were marked and sent to the laboratory for culture. RESULTS All kinds of the ,orthodontic devices were contaminated seriously, the incidence of the contamination was significantly reduced after the disinfection（P〈0.05）. Bacterial culture of the new bracket was negative, while other orthodontic devices were positive with the gram-positive cocci. The result of the bacterial culture of the dentists and nurses＇hands was 20CFU/cm2 before hand washing, while 0. 5 CFU/cm2 for the dentists and 1 CFU/cm2 for nurses, and the bacterial contamination of medical staff＇s hands was significantly reduced after the hand washing （P〈0. 05）. CONCLUSION The hand contamination could be reduced by hand-washing. The medical instruments needed to be strictly disinfected and isolated. The instruments are prone to be contaminated for nosocomial infections. The awareness of infection control should be enhanced.

关 键 词：正畸治疗 医院感染 感染控制 消毒 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]