手足口病患儿肠道病毒71型的检测与临床特点  

Detection of Enterovirus 71 and clinical characteristics of hand-foot-mouth diseases in children

作　　者：庄晓岚[1] 裘刚[1] 夏敏[1] 李筑英[1] 王洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市交通大学附属儿童医院新生儿科,上海200040

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2013年第2期389-390,共2页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的分析儿童手足口病流行病学与临床特点,为临床预防与治疗手足口病提供指导。方法对医院2011年1-9月就诊的1825例手足口病儿童进行肠道病毒71(EV71)的实验室检查,分析其流行病学与临床特点。结果 1825例手足口病患儿中,<3岁的婴幼儿1515例,占83.0%,男1186例,女639例;分布以幼托儿童为主,其中幼托儿童1036例、散居儿童789例,分别占56.77%、43.23%;手足口病的发病高峰在5-8月份,共1396例,占全年发病数的76.49%;5、6、7、8月份发病分别为216、481、488、211例,分别占全年发病数的11.84%、26.36%、26.74%、11.56%;EV71 1-9月份阳性检出分别为4、2、4、10、42、157、223、103、78例;5月份起阳性例数增多,6-7月份阳性为380例,阳性率最高占到61.0%,8-9月份逐渐下降。结论手足口病发病与年龄、季节有关,EV71感染的患儿有可能在短期内发展为危重病例,有效的预防措施和积极的隔离治疗至关重要。OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hand-foot-mouth diseases in the children so as to guide the clinical prevention and treatment of the hand-foot-mouth disease. METHODS A total of 1825 patients who were treated from Jan to Sep 2011 were enrolled in this study,EV71 was detected by laboratory tests and the epidemiology and clinical characteristics were observed. RESULTS Of 1825 children with hand- foot-mouth diseases, there were 1515 （83.0%） cases of infants and children under 3 years old including 1186 cases of males and 639 cases of females. The kindergarten children were dominant, there were 1036 （56.77%） cases of kindergarten children and 789 （43.23%） cases of scattered children. The peak of incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was in May to August,there were 1396 cases of these diseases that happened during the period, accountie for 76.49% in the overall cases of the whole year. There were 216 cases that happened in May, 481 cases in June, 488 cases in July , and 21 cases in August , accounting for 11. 84%, 26. 36%%, 26. 74%, and 11. 56%, respectively. The number of cases with EV71 detected in Jan to Sep were 4,2 , 4, 10, 42,157, 223, 103,and 78 cases, respectively. The positive cases began to increase in May, there were 380 cases in Jun to Jul with the highest positive rate of 61. 0%, then the positive cases declined in Aug to Sep. CONCLUSION The hand- foot-mouth disease is related to the age and season. The children with EV71 infections are at the risk of developing to the critical severe cases, thus it is essential to take effective preventive measures and conduct active isolation and treatment.

关 键 词：手足口病 肠道病毒71 临床特点 

分 类 号：R729[医药卫生—儿科]