生物质炭输入对土壤微域特征及土壤腐殖质的作用效应研究  

Effect of Bio-char on the micro-environment characteristics and humus in soil

作　　者：花莉[1] 金素素[1] 洛晶晶[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2012年第11期1795-1799,共5页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41003042);陕西省自然科学基金(2011JQ5001);陕西省教育厅科技计划项目(2010JK443)

摘　　要：农田土壤有机碳矿化释放CO2是农业温室气体排放的重要途径,生物质炭因其特殊的性质对增强土壤碳截获能力及减少土壤CO2气体排放可能具有重要作用。在2种不同肥力的自然土壤中加入不同含量的生物质炭,通过对比输入生物质炭的土壤和对照土壤腐殖质含量和土壤微粒在扫面电镜及红外光谱观测下微域特征的变化,探讨生物质炭对土壤碳固定潜力的影响。结果表明,生物质炭的输入可以促进土壤腐殖质的形成,与对照相比,腐植酸、富里酸和胡敏酸含量均有所增加,有利于土壤有机碳库的稳定;此外生物质炭的添加,使土壤微域环境中粒间孔隙增多,比表面积增大,有助于促进土壤有机质的积累;提高了土壤养分,增加结合矿物质所需的元素;促进了粘粒、有机质等矿物质的形成,从而减缓了有机质的分解速率。此外,生物质炭的添加促进了碳水化合物、酯族、芳烃等有机大分子的形成,难以被土壤微生物利用。总之,生物质炭的施用对土壤碳固定潜力存在多方面的重要影响,进而对土壤有机碳截获及CO2释放产生影响。Emission of CO2 resulting from mineralization of organic carbon in agricultural soil is main pathways of greenhouse gas emission. Bio-char might increase the carbon capture ability and reduce CO2 emissions in soil because of its special properties. Different contents of bio-char were added in two fertility soil. The changes of soil particles were observed by SEM and infrared spectrum. Humus content in the soil amende with bio-charcoal and control soil was studied. The result showed that bio-char played a positive role on promoting the formation of soil humus. Contents of humic substances, fulvic acid and humic acid increased compared with the control, which is benefit to the Stability of soil organic carbon pool. Bio-char increased inter-particle pore and specific surface area in soil micro-environment, which boosted the accumulation of soil organic matter. Bio-char applied to promote the formation of minerals such as clay and organic matter, thereby slowing the decomposition rate of organic matter. In addition, bio-char can accelerate the formation of carbohydrate, esters, aromatics and other organic macromolecules, thus difficult to use by soil microbial. It can be conclude that bio-charhad important effect on organic carbon intercepted and then impact the release of CO： in soil.

关 键 词：生物质炭 CO2 腐殖质 土壤碳截留 土壤微域特征 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学] X24[农业科学—农业基础科学]