云南滇池紫水鸡生态学特性初步研究  

The Preliminary Observation of Purple Swamphen(Porphyrio porphyrio poliocephalus)Ecolgical Characteristics in Dianchi Lake,Yunnan Province

作　　者：罗康[1] 吴兆录[1] 张海艳[1] 项希希[1] 苏栋栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所,昆明650091

出　　处：《野生动物》2013年第1期20-22,60,共4页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"滇池地区越冬红嘴鸥栖息地及食物源动态特征与生态管理研究(批准号:31060079)"资助

摘　　要：中国的紫水鸡为罕见种,数量不断减少。2011年12月至2012年5月期间,在滇池湿地4次发现紫水鸡云南亚种实体,并详细描述了其活动特征与生境特征。紫水鸡在滇池湿地的活动局限在1 km^2范围内,白昼完全暴露的时间不超过30 min,常与黑水鸡同时出现,但比较警觉。紫水鸡偏爱的生境是由高草丛、低草丛、平静的浅水池塘交错组合的湿地景观,且要求人为活动稀少的安静的栖息地。参照中国关于紫水鸡的研究材料,认为在过去的20多年里,紫水鸡云南变种从滇南、滇西南越过分隔云南东部和西部的云岭-哀牢山山脉,到达滇西北鹤庆一带,及少数个体到达了位于滇中腹地的滇池湿地。讨论了强化保护紫水鸡的必要性,建议尽快将紫水鸡纳入国家或者地方的相关法律法规,给予重点保护。In China,purple swamphen（Porphyrio porphyrio） is a rare bird species whose population is declining.We made the first reported sightings of purple swamphen（Porphyrio porphyrio poliocephalus） at Dianchi Lake,Yunnan Province, between December 2011 and May 2012.We saw the bird on four occasions and report here on its activities and habitat use. The bird occupied an area of 1 km and was seen during daylight in open areas on shallow water for periods of less than 30 min,often in the company of common moorhen（GaUinula chloropus） and always alert.The bird preferred wetland habitats with a mosaic of high tussock,low tussock and calm shallow water and with little human disturbance.Reports of purple swamphen in China suggest that in the last 20 years this subspecies shifted its range from south and southwest Yunnan to the Heqing area in northwest Yunnan by crossing the Yunling - Ailao mountains,a natural barrier between east and west Yunnan： few birds were reported in wetlands at Dianchi Lake in central Yunnan Province.We discuss the need to highlight conservation of purple swamphen in national or local legislation.

关 键 词：紫水鸡云南亚种 滇池 水禽 湿地 鸟类新纪录 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]