陕西省宁陕朱鹮再引入种群之现状  

Status of a Reintroduced Population of the Crested Ibis(Nipponia nippon)in Ningshan County Shaanxi Province

作　　者：陈文贵 李夏 刘超[2] 王莉[2] 于晓平[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省宁陕野生动物管理中心,宁陕725000 [2]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710062

出　　处：《野生动物》2013年第1期23-24,49,共3页

基　　金：国家自然基金(31172103)资助

摘　　要：再引入工程就是通过向野外释放笼养个体尝试建立濒危物种可自我维持的野生种群。我们报道了2008～2011年陕西宁陕县朱鹦再引入种群存活现状。从2007年5月～2011年10月,共有56只笼养朱鹦个体(27♀,29♂)被相继释放到野外。目前已形成10个繁殖配对,并成功出飞幼鸟33只。平均窝卵数3.14±1.06,每窝平均育成幼鸟1.57±1.03。我们认为饥饿和王锦蛇的捕食是朱鹦幼体、成体死亡的主要原因。最后提出了再引入过程存在的问题和相应的保护建议。Reintroduction projects attempt to reestablish self - sustaining populations of endangered species within their historical ranges usually through the release of captive - bred individuals into the wild.We report the status of a reintroduced population of Crested Ibis in Ningshan County,Shaanxi Province during 2008 - 2011.From May 2007 to October 2011,56 captive -bred individuals,27 females and 29 males,were successively released into the reintroduction area.Ten breeding pairs were formed and 33 nestlings were successfully fledged from these pairs.Mean clutch size was 3.14±1.06.Mean number of fledglings per active nest was 1.57±1.03,and most of the fledglings survived their first winter.We confirmed that starvation and predation by King Rat Snakes（Elaphe carinata） were the main causes of mortality of nestling,released adults and fledglings. We discuss problems arising in the release process and recommend corrective conservation measures.

关 键 词：再引入 繁殖成功率 种群存活率 朱鹮 宁陕 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]