模拟不同海拔高原环境下氦氧潜水对潜水员血细胞的影响  

Effects of simulated heliox diving on blood cells of the divers at different high altitudes

作　　者：胡慧军[1] 范丹峰[1] 杨晨[1] 赵苓[1] 赵儒钢[1] 潘晓雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]海军总医院全军高压氧治疗中心,北京100048

出　　处：《中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志》2012年第6期327-330,共4页Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine

基　　金：总装备部装备技术基础项目（YXSJD20101BZ01）

摘　　要：目的探讨模拟不同海拔高原环境下氦氧潜水对潜水员血细胞的影响。方法4名潜水员于高、低压两用舱内，连续9d先后模拟平原、海拔3000m环境及该环境下30m潜水、海拔4000m环境及该环境下30m潜水、海拔5200m环境及该环境下30m潜水和50m潜水。分别于实验第1天早上进舱前空腹；实验第3天3000m高原早上空腹；实验第4天3000m高原30m潜水减压返回3000m后，当晚17：30晚饭前；实验第6天4000m高原30m潜水减压返回4000m后，当晚17：30晚饭前；实验第7天5200m高原停留1晚，早上空腹；实验第8天5200m高原50m潜水减压回到5200m后，晚23：00；实验第9天实验结束后出舱午餐前抽血。采用自动血细胞计数仪进行血常规检查，包括：白细胞计数、白细胞分类、红细胞计数、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血小板计数；采用流式细胞仪进行T淋巴细胞亚群检测。结果从实验开始至实验结束出舱后的各个时间点，白细胞有逐渐升高的趋势，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；在海拔5200m[（6．21±3．27）×10^9／L]高原环境停留时，中性粒细胞百分比较平原[（3．22±1．18）×10^9／L]及海拔3000m[（3．43±1．18）×10^9／L]高原明显升高（P〈0．01），而淋巴细胞百分比则明显下降（P〈0．01），中性粒细胞及淋巴细胞计数亦有相应的改变（P〈0．05）；在海拔5200m高原环境50m潜水减压回到5200m时[（2．80±0．30）×10^9／L]，淋巴细胞计数较平原[（2．02±0．15）×10^9／L]及海拔3000m高原[（2．20±0．26）×10^9／L]明显升高（P〈0．05）；其余时间点白细胞变化不明显。实验过程中各时间点红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞压积、血小板计数及淋巴细胞亚群变化较平原及海拔3000m高原差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论本次实验条件下的模拟高原氦氧潜水过程对潜水员的血常规及T淋巴细胞没有造成明显的影响。Objective To investigate effects of simulated heliox diving on blood cells of the divers at different high altitudes. Methods In the dual-purpose hyperbaric and hypobarie chamber complex, 4 divers conducted a series of simulated dives for a succession of 9 days at various altitudes and under different simulated environmental conditions ： the 30 m dive at an altitude of 3000 m, the 30 m dive at an altitude of 4000 m, and the 30 m and 50 m dives at an altitude of 5200 m. Blood samples were taken respectively at the following time points ： on the morning of the first day of the experiment before they entered the chamber on an empty stomach ; on the morning of the third day of the experiment at an altitude of 3000 m also on an empty stomach; at 17：30 pm before supper on the fourth day of the experiment, when the divers were decompressed and returned to the surface at an altitude of 3000 m, upon completion of the 30 m-dive; at 17：30 pm before supper on the sixth day, when the divers returned to the surface at an altitude of 4000 m, upon completion of the 30 m-dive ; on themorning of the seventh day on an empty stomach, the divers stayed overnight at an altitude of 5200 m; at 23：00 on the eighth day, when the divers were decompressed to an altitude of 5200 m, upon completion of the 50 m- dive; before lunch on the ninth day, when the divers came out of the chamber upon completion of the experiment. Blood components including WBC, WBC classification, RBC, hemoglobin, lymphocyte, granulocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet and T lymphocyte subpopulation, were measured with flow cytometry. Results White blood cells detected at various time points both before and after the experiment tended to increase gradually, but without statistical significance （ P 〉 0.05 ）. When the divers stayed at the height of 5200 m above sea level, the percentage of granulocyte was significantly higher [ （6.21±3.27） ×10^9/L] than those at the sea level [ （3.22±1.18） ×10^9/L] and at 3000 m above sea level [ （3.43±1

关 键 词：高原 氦氧潜水 血细胞 T淋巴细胞 

分 类 号：R84[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]