实验性急性大鼠铅镉联合中毒对骨骼损伤的研究  

Study on damage of bone in rat induced by experimental acute combined exposure to lead and cadmium

作　　者：卢洪可[1] 戴书俊[1] 殷中琼[1] 袁桂萍[2] 王川[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物医学院,四川雅安625014 [2]四川大学分析测试中心,四川成都610065

出　　处：《中国兽医科学》2012年第12期1278-1282,共5页Chinese Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31101860)

摘　　要：为研究铅镉联合急性中毒对大鼠骨骼的影响,以大鼠为试验对象,采用经口灌胃的方式对大鼠进行硝酸铅+氯化镉联合染毒,Ⅰ组:(1 402+34)mg/kg,Ⅱ组:(1 921+47)mg/kg,Ⅲ组:(2 633+64)mg/kg,Ⅳ组:(3 607+87)mg/kg,Ⅴ组:(4 942+120)mg/kg,同时设空白对照组。采用Bliss法测定铅镉联合染毒对大鼠的半数致死剂量(LD50),并对每组大鼠进行骨骼采样,进行病理学和骨密度的测定。结果显示,铅镉联合染毒对大鼠的LD50为2 696.54mg/kg,95%可信区间是2 162.00～3 362.89mg/kg。光镜下,铅镉联合染毒各组大鼠骨髓腔毛细血管有不同程度的扩张、充血,管腔内炎性物质渗出,骨密度较对照组差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明,铅镉联合急性毒性为相加作用,对大鼠骨骼的造血系统有一定的毒性作用。In order to study the effects of acute toxicity of lead and cadmium combination on bone of rats,rats were exposed by gavage.In the experimental groups,rats were given lead nitrate＋cadmium chloride combination respectively at different concentrations[the control group：0 mg/kg;the test groupsⅠ-Ⅴ：（1 402＋34） mg/kg,（1 921＋47） mg/kg,（2 633＋64） mg/kg,（3 607＋87） mg/kg,（4 942＋120） mg/kg].The modified Bliss method was used to determine median lethal dose（LD50） of lead and cadmium combined in the acute toxicity test and then histopathological and bonemineral density of the bones in both the test group and the control group were analyzed in the accumulative toxicity test.In result,LD50 of combined exposure of lead and cadmium was 2 696.54 mg/kg,and the 95% confidence interval was ranged from 2 162.00 to 3 362.89 mg/kg.In the test groups,different degrees of dilation and congestion in the capillary vessel of marrow cavity and the exudation of inflammatory substances within the lumen were observed under the light microscope.However,there was no significant difference in the bone mineral density between the test groups and the control group（P〉0.05）.In conclusion,the acute toxicity of combined effect of lead and cadmium had an additive effect and certain toxic effects on the hematopoietic system of the bone.

关 键 词：硝酸铅 氯化镉 联合中毒 急性毒性 骨骼 

分 类 号：S859.81[农业科学—临床兽医学]