稀土金属及其共生铌的湿法冶金技术现状  

Hydrometallurgy Research Status of Rare Earth and Associated Niobium

作　　者：曹钊[1,2] 曹永丹[1,2] 李解 屈启龙[1,2] 王介良 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学矿业工程学院 [2]内蒙古白云鄂博矿多金属资源综合利用重点实验室

出　　处：《金属矿山》2013年第1期97-100,共4页Metal Mine

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(编号:2009B90705);内蒙古创新引导基金项目(编号:20111623)

摘　　要：铌通常伴生在稀土中。首先对浓硫酸焙烧分解、碳酸钠焙烧分解、NH4Cl焙烧分解和氧化焙烧分解等4种常见稀土矿分解工艺和酸性萃取剂萃取、协同萃取、配合萃取等3种萃取工艺的适用范围和优缺点进行了介绍,然后介绍了铌的酸性浸出、碱熔浸出及萃取工艺和铌的酸碱结合分离工艺。从稀土和铌湿法冶金工艺技术发展的轨迹看,提高稀土和铌资源利用率、减少对环境的污染始终是发展的主线。Niobium is usually associated with rare earth. Firstly introduces four kinds of common decomposition processes of concentrated sulfuric acid roasting decomposition, sodium carbonate roasting decomposition, NH4 Cl roasting deeompositionand oxidizing roasting decomposition and three kinds of extraction processes like acidic cxtractant, synergistic extraction and complexation extraction from the aspects of the application range and the advantages and disadvantages. Then, the niobium extraction process of the acidic leaching and alkali leaching and the niobium acidic-alkali separation process are demonstrated. From the views of the progress records of the hydrometallurgical process for rare earth and niobi- um, how to improve the utilization efficiency of rare earth and niobium resources and reduce the environment pollution is still the driving force for development.

关 键 词：稀土 铌 湿法冶金 分解 萃取 

分 类 号：TQ133.1[化学工程—无机化工]