既有铁路桥涵重载评估问题研究  

Study of Problems in Heavy Load Evaluation of Existing Railway Bridges and Culverts

作　　者：刘汉夫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《世界桥梁》2013年第1期75-78,共4页World Bridges

摘　　要：为更好地进行既有铁路桥涵重载评估,对其相关理论、技术等方面存在的问题进行了初步分析,认为:应按"重检慎修"的原则充分做好前期评估工作;人工检查、实桥检算和桥梁测试是不可偏废、三位一体的评估手段;应充分利用既有桥涵的剩余承载力,以达到安全和经济的平衡;按以前的标准设计的梁大多具备短期承受较大轴重荷载的能力,使得短期内桥梁测试难以发现有价值的新问题,应建立长效观测、评估机制;某些方法、规范条文自身还不够完备,应及时进行研究、澄清与修正;评估人应具备概念评估的工作理念,以解决主要问题。To make better heavy load evaluation for the existing railway bridges and culverts, the problems pertinent to the related theory and techniques were analyzed. The first-step analysis underlies the conclusion that a preliminary evaluation should be done following the guidelines of ＂paying great attention to the inspection and conducting careful maintenance＂; the three-in-one e-valuation measure, namely the manual inspection, actual bridge inspection and calculation and bridge testing, should not be forgotten and deserted; the residual bearing capacity of the existing bridges and culverts should be fully used to make a balance between safety and economy; the ma-jority of bridges designed in accordance with the early standards have the capacity of bearing heav-y axial load for a short time, which makes the bridge testing in the short run not effective enough to discover valuable new problems, therefore, a long-acting observing and evaluating mechanism should be established; some methods and regulations are not complete and perfect, hence, timely study, clarification and modification should be done; besides, the evaluators should have a knowledge of concept evaluation, so as to solve the principal problems.

关 键 词：既有线 铁路桥 重载 评估 问题 

分 类 号：U448.13[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U446[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]