亏缺灌溉下异根嫁接提高黄瓜产量和水分利用效率  

Improving cucumber yield and water use efficiency by different-root grafting under water-deficient condition

作　　者：张晓英[1] 梁新书[1] 张振贤[1] 高丽红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,设施蔬菜生长发育调控北京市重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第2期117-124,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科技项目(201001061);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-25-C-12)

摘　　要：为了研究异根嫁接黄瓜对适度亏缺灌溉的响应,该试验以中农26号黄瓜(Cucumis sativas L.)为材料,以自根嫁接黄瓜适宜水分管理(每次20m3/667m2)为对照,研究异根嫁接黄瓜的根系、产量、品质和水分利用效率等指标对适度亏缺灌溉(每次12m3/667m2)的响应。结果表明:与对照比较,亏缺灌溉条件下,异根嫁接可明显促进根系生长,提高了水分利用效率,果实品质也有所改善,根系表面积、根干质量和水分利用效率分别提高8.0%、14.2%、和42.1%～53.9%。这一结果明确了通过异根嫁接可以提高黄瓜水分利用效率,同时也证明异根嫁接可以作为设施黄瓜农艺节水的最重要措施之一。Different-root-grafting has been reported to be an effective agricultural practice to improve water use efficiency in China, however, little is known about the effect of different-root-grafting on water use efficiency under moderate deficient irrigation. To study the response of different-root-grafting （G1） to moderate deficient irrigation （12 m3/667m2, W1） and provide data support for agronomic water-saving practices in protected cultivation, this research used cucumber （Cucumis sativas L. No. c.v. zhongnong No.26） and pumpkin （Cucurbita moschata Duch.） as scion and rootstock, respectively. And self-root grafted cucumber （G0, this research used self-root grafted-cucumber as grafted-cucumber control since there is a wound healing process for different-root grafted-cucumber during grafting） under appropriate irrigation （20 m3/667m2, W2） was used as control, and then four different treatments （i.e. W1G0, W1G1, W2G0, W2G1） were conducted to study the responses of different-root grafted-cucumber root growth and distribution, cucumber fruit yield, plant dry matter accumulation, fruit quality and water use efficiency to moderate deficient irrigation. A typical commercial greenhouse in Fangshan county, Beijing was randomly selected for field experiment from April 2011 to January 2012. The greenhouse was covered with polyethylene film without supplementary lighting or heating. Cucumber seedlings with two leaves were transplanted by hand, with double rows of 80-cm row pacing and 33-cm plant spacing. Different irrigation treatments were conducted after the resuming growth of cucumber seedlings after transplantation. The irrigation treatments W1 and W2 were started at the same time and the irrigation time was designed according to the appearance of wilting of self-root grafted cucumber seedlings under the irrigation treatment W2 and also the reviving time needed by cucumber plant. In order to prevent the test error caused by side permeability, we buried 50-cm plastic film at vertical depth betwee

关 键 词：灌溉 温室 果实 嫁接 根系 产量 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]