作为话题标记的“有”  

"You" as the Topic Marker

作　　者：赵建军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学语言科技研究所,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《汉语学习》2013年第1期65-71,共7页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目"利用丰富的语言学信息预测语音合成中的重音事件"(项目编号:11YJC740153);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目"利用丰富的语言学信息预测语音合成中的重音事件"(项目编号:20110491445);江苏省博士后科研资助项目"汉语语音合成中的重音事件预测"(项目编号:1002068C);江苏高校哲学社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"现代汉语元语言系列词典"(项目编号:2010JDXM022)的资助

摘　　要：本文基于原型理论和语法化理论,对"有+NP+VP"无主句中"有"的词性和用法进行了分析,得出以下结论:"有+NP+VP"无主句不是兼语式,其中的"有"不是动词而是语法标记;"有"提升NP的有定性,可以看作有定标记;通过"有"的引进介绍,NP成为一个新话题,"有"可以看作话题标记;"有+NP+VP"无主句与无定NP主语句的根本区别是语用功能不同,前者用于话题陈述,后者用于情景描述。This paper studies the part of speech and usage of you＂ in the ＂you＋NP＋ VP＂ subjectless sentence based on the prototype theory and grammaticalization theory. The main conclusions are as follows：the ＂you ＋NP＋VP＂ subjectless sentence isn＇t kind of Subject-Object Structure and yolt isn＇t a verb but a grammatical marker;＂ you＂ pro- motes the definitiveness of the NP, so it could be regarded as a marker of definite; as ＂you＂ introduces NP to the discourse,NP turns into a new topic,therefore,＂you＂ could be regarded as a marker of topic;the basic difference between the ＂you＋NP＋VP＂ sub- jectless sentence and the indefinite-subject sentence lies in their pragmatic function,the former is used for predicating the topic and the latter is used for describing the scene.

关 键 词：“有+NP+VP”无主句 兼语式 有定标记 话题标记 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]