不同土层容重对玉米根系生长及土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of subsoil bulk density on root growth and soil enzyme activities during the growth of corn(Zea mays L.)

作　　者：王群[1] 赵亚丽[1] 张学林[1] 张永恩[1] 李潮海[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2012年第6期624-630,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关项目(0522010200)

摘　　要：采用微区池栽和桶栽试验,研究了下层(20～40 cm,40～60 cm)土壤容重改变后,玉米根系生长、产量及生育期间土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶、蛋白酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性动态变化规律及其与微生物活性的相关性.结果表明,在玉米生育期内,玉米单株根长度和根干重、土壤过氧化氢酶、转化酶、蛋白酶、脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性呈单峰曲线,最高值均出现在吐丝期;且随着下层土壤容重增加呈递减趋势.各土层酶活性均随着土层的加深和本土层容重的增大而降低,同时也随着相邻土层容重的增大其降幅加剧;玉米穗粒数、粒重和产量也随着土壤容重的增加而降低.玉米生长期间,土壤酶活性变化受下层土壤容重和玉米生长发育的双重影响,玉米生育进程放大了容重对土壤酶活性的影响效果.The two-year pool-culture and barrel-culture experiments were conducted to study the impacts of subsoil bulk, density on root lenght, root dry weight, soil enzyme activities and yield in corn field on a sandy loam soil at the Experimental Farm of Henan Agricultural University. The results showed that the dynamic changes of root length, root dry weight, soil catalase, invertase, protease, urease, alkaline phosphatase activities and yields were single curve during the growth of corn, and the maximum values of these parameters occurred at the corn silking stage. Root length, root dry weight, yield and its compo- nents decreased with increaseing soil bulk density. These enzyme activities decreased with the increasing of both soil bulk density and soil depth. The higher the soil bulk density was the less active the soil en- zyme activities were all soil enzyme activities were significantly different among soil bulk densities in the same soil layer, and they were also affected by soil bulk density in the adjacent layers. The bigger the soil bulk density of adjacent layers was the more significant the decrease was. The effect of subsoil bulk density on soil enzyme was more apparant from jointing stage to maturity.

关 键 词：下层土壤 容重 玉米 根系 土壤酶活性 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S154.2