水面蒸发及其影响因子的原位对比观测实验分析  

Observation and analysis of water surface evaporation and effect factors

作　　者：魏素洁[1] 余维 张君[1] 刘家宏[1] 秦大庸[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]长江勘测规划设计研究院库区处,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2013年第1期10-13,41,共5页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点基础发展研究计划"973"项目(2006CB3401);自然科学基金委群体研究基金(51021006);国家自然科学基金项目(40830637;51009150)

摘　　要：蒸散发是大气和水文循环的重要环节之一。影响水面蒸发的因素以温度、风速为主,但三者之间的关系式尚未明确。在海河流域北京市大兴区境内,设计了一个风速对水面蒸发影响的原位对比观测实验,在2010年观测实验结果的基础上,进一步探究了温度与风速对水面蒸发影响的耦合效应机理。分析了研究区域试验期间,辐射、湿度、降雨、气温、风速、蒸发的特性和规律,利用SPSS软件推导了试验期间研究区域蒸发与温度、风速的关系式,对解释"蒸发悖反"具有实证意义,也为流域水文模拟提供了参数支持。Evaporation is one of the important links of atmospheric and hydrological circulation. The major influentlal tactors ot water evaporation are temperature and wind velocity, however, the relationship among them is not clear. In -situ observation experiment of the influence of wind velocity on evaporation is designed in Daxing District, Beijing City, located in Haihe River Basin. On the basis of the experiment in 2010, the coupling effect mechanism of influence of temperature and wind velocity on evaporation is further researched. The characteristics and laws of radiation, humidity, precipitation, temperature, wind velocity and evaporation in the study area are analyzed. The relationship expression of temperature, wind velocity and evaporation is obtained by using SPSS. The result provides demonstration for explaining ＂ evaporation paradox＂.

关 键 词：水面蒸发 温度 风速 耦合效应 蒸发悖反 海河流域 

分 类 号：P332.2[天文地球—水文科学]