退耕还林区水土保持植被恢复及物种多样性特征  

Characteristics of Vegetation Recovery and Species Diversity of Convertting Farmland to Forest in Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：魏天兴[1] 赵健 朱文德[1] 陈致富 郑江坤[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]辽宁江河水利水电新技术设计研究院,辽宁沈阳110003 [3]广西柳州市第二中学,广西柳州545001 [4]四川农业大学,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2013年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金;国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB825103);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目"黄土及华北土石山区水土保持林体系构建技术研究与示范"(2011BAD38B06)

摘　　要：采用对比流域试验方法,对陕西省吴起县封育自然恢复试验区合家沟流域和人工恢复柴沟流域进行野外调查分析。结果显示,实施退耕还林后,人工和自然的植被恢复方式在恢复10a左右对于天然草本的生物多样性的影响不大。自然恢复试验区的植被的Margalef指数和Shan-non—Wiener指数在峁顶和峁坡部位低于人工恢复区,而在沟坡和沟底部位高于人工恢复区;人工恢复区的Shannon指数和Pielou指数在峁坡和沟坡部位均高于自然恢复区,而在峁顶和沟底部位则较低。对土壤容重、土壤含水量、土壤总孔隙度、土壤毛管孔隙度和土壤非毛管孔隙度5个土壤物理性质指标与物种多样性指数进行相关分析表明,只有毛管孔隙度和非毛管孔隙度对物种多样性指数影响显著。In order to understand the situation of vegetation recovery and plant community species diversities after conversion of cropland to forest, investigation was carried out in the fencing natural recovery test area in Hejiagou watershed and artificial restoration test area in Chaigou watershed in Wuqi Country,Northern Shaanxi,China. The results showed that there were no differences in herbaceous biodiversity between natu- ral recovery and artificial restoration. The Margalef index and Shannon-Wiener index of natural recovery test area were lower than those of artificial restoration test area on the hilltop and mound slope. The Shan- non index and Pielou index of artificial restoration test area were higher than those of natural recovery test area on the mound slope and valley slope, and opposite on the hilltop and gully bottom. By carrying on cor- relation analysis of the five soil physical indices,including soil density, soil water content, soil porosity, soil capillary porosity,non-soil capillary porosity, and species diversity,it was concluded that only capillary po- rosity and non-capillary porosity had significant effects on species diversity.

关 键 词：退耕还林 植被恢复 物种多样性 土壤物理性质 陕北地区 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]