乌鲁木齐夏季水汽日变化及其与降水的关系  

Analysis on Daily Variation of Water Vapor and Its Relationship with Rainfall in Urumqi in Summer

作　　者：姚俊强[1,2] 杨青[2] 韩雪云[2,3] 赵玲[2] 赵丽[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学资源与环境科学学院,绿洲生态教育部重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2013年第1期67-73,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：全球变化国家重大科学研究计划项目(2010CB951001);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC23B01);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(200821176)共同资助

摘　　要：利用2008年6—8月微波辐射计的观测资料和探空数据,对反演得到的温、湿度廓线进行对比分析,得出温、湿度廓线与探空数据具有很好的相关性,两种设备观测的水汽廓线总体趋势一致。微波辐射计观测的乌鲁木齐夏季水汽总量(PWV)呈明显的日循环特征,PWV平均为21.66 mm,从04:00—15:00逐渐减小,从15:00—23:00逐渐增加,最大值为22.44 mm,最小值为20.89 mm,日变幅为1.55 mm,变化率7.1%。乌鲁木齐夏季降水主要发生在夜间,尤其是后半夜,这与PWV的日变化基本一致。降水前有一定的水汽积累,等达到一定量值时,在相应的动力机制影响下发生降水,降水结束后PWV值减小且急剧下降。In this paper,the comparative analyses were carried out to research the profiles of temperature and relative humidity using the retrieval data with the microwave radiometer（MWR） and sounding in Urumqi in summer 2008.The results show that the correlation coefficients of temperature and relative humidity were 0.99 and 0.85 respectively,which revealed that the holistic trend of temperature and relative humidity was significantly similar.The PWV revealed that there was a diurnal cycle with an amplitude of 1.55 mm and fluctuation of 7.1%,it was decreased gradually from 04：00 to 15：00 o＇clock but increased gradually from 15：00 to 23：00,and its average,maximum and minimum values were 21.66 mm,22.44 mm and 20.89 mm respectively.The highest and lowest PWV values,23.43 mm and 19.78 mm,occurred in July and August,respectively.The increased PWV rate was symmetrical with the decreased one.The precondition of rainfall was that the PWV should exceed a threshold value,which was 27 mm in Urumqi in summer,and the distribution of rainfall intensity and PWV should be synchronous in terms of time in Urumqi.

关 键 词：微波辐射计 水汽 降水 日循环 探空廓线 乌鲁木齐 

分 类 号：P426.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]