兰州市小儿血铅水平调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation on Blood Lead Levels of Children and Analysis on its Relative Factors in Lanzhou

作　　者：熊海金[1] 雷晓燕[1] 赵一方[1] 张宏[1] 郑芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省人民医院,兰州730000

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2000年第5期274-276,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：甘肃省科委 97攻关项目

摘　　要：[目的 ]了解兰州市 0～ 7岁小儿血铅水平及影响因素。 [方法 ]采用随机抽样的方法对在甘肃省人民医院产科出生的 10 3名新生儿 ,来该院进行计划免疫的 1月至 3 3月龄的 14 6名婴幼儿以及采用分层整群抽样法对本市 9所幼儿园的 80 8名 3～ 7岁儿童进行了毛细血管血铅测定。对所有小儿的个人情况及家庭生活环境均进行了问卷调查。[结果 ]新生儿血铅均值为 83 .5 μg/ L,≥ 10 0 μg/ L 者 2 5例 ,占 2 4 .2 7%。 14 6例婴幼儿血铅均值为 80 .4 0 μg/ L,≥10 0 μg/ L 者 3 3例 ,占 2 2 .6%。学龄前儿童血铅均值为 10 1.5 8μg/ L,≥ 10 0 μg/ L 者 3 16例 ,占 3 9.1%。工业区儿童血铅最高 ,其次为市中心城区。经多元回归分析和逐步回归分析 ,得出家住蓄电池厂、油漆厂、炼油厂附近及住房较新是影响血铅的环境危险因素。 [结论 ]兰州市小儿血铅水平较高 ,应尽快加以防治。To understand the blood lead levels of children and its relative factors in Lanzhou Determination of capillary blood lead levels of individuals,including 103 newborns borned in obstetrical department of Renmin hospital of Gansu province and their mothers,and 146 infants aged 1~33 months vaccinated in Renmin hospital both selected by random sampling,and 808 children aged 3~7 years from 9 nursery schools selected by stratified cluster sampling,was carried out,as well as the questionaires on the personal status and domestic environment were administered to all observed children The mean blood lead level,the number of individuals with≥100 μg/L blood lead and percentage of it to total individuals was 83 5 μg/L,25 and 24 27% for newborns;80 40 μg/L,33 and 22 6% for infants;101 58 μg/L,316 and 39 1% for preschool children respectively The highest blood lead levels,was found in children living in industrial area,and the next in central area of the city The environmental risk factors of increasing blood lead level were definited through multiple regression analysis and step wise regression analysis as follows:living nearby the battery manufactories,paint manufactories and oil refineries,and living in new house [Conclusion]Children in Lanzhou had higher blood lead levels,which should be controlled as soon as possible

关 键 词：血铅 儿童 铅中毒 人体污染监测 环境毒理学 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学] X838.01[医药卫生—药学]