气候资本主义:低碳经济的政治学  

Climate Capitalism:The Politics of the Carbon Economy

作　　者：彼得.纽厄尔 马修.帕特森 王聪聪[3] 

机构地区：[1]英国苏塞克斯大学 [2]加拿大渥太华大学政治系 [3]北京大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》2013年第1期24-31,共8页Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"生态资本主义及其批评研究"(10BKS049)

摘　　要：我们很可能处在亲历气候资本主义出现的初级阶段。它是一种基于逐渐摆脱和远离化石燃料使用来持续经济发展的资本主义新形式,其中,脱碳被看作是一种缓和资本主义积累与抑制气候变化要求之间矛盾的机遇。但是,它依然是一种资本主义——通过市场、私有财产和工人阶级等要素组织起来,而且经济增长是其至高无上的律令。在未来几十年里,无论哪种具体版本的气候资本主义的出现,它实现脱碳的能力将取决于其导向低能源和低碳能源的投资的能力,同时还要处理好合法性的挑战,这些挑战不可避免地来自这种将全球金融作为管理碳排放手段的依赖。就全球气候变化管治的发展而言,无论是在《联合国气候变化框架公约》之下,还是最终超越了这一框架,成功的关键在于它是否能够创造一个有力的环境使全球经济转变为一种与强调气候变化相容的气候资本主义制度,或者,碳市场只是一种其取向与严肃应对气候危机的诸多努力不相容的经济制度中的孤立性存在。We may be in the early stages of witnessing the emergence of what we call climate capitalism.We refer to this as a form of capitalism that is based on a fundamental and transformative shift away from the use of fossil fuels to underpin economic development in which de-carbonisation is defined as an opportunity to reconcile capitalist accumulation with the requirements of climate change mitigation.But it is still capitalism-organized through markets,private property,wage labour,and so on,and with economic growth as imperative to its survival.Whichever version of climate capitalism emerges over the next few decades,its capacity to deliver decarbonization will be determined by the ability to direct investment into low energy and non-carbon energy sources,while managing the legitimacy challenges which are inevitably posed by this reliance on global finance as a means to manage carbon emissions.As global climate change governance develops,both within the UNFCCC regime and beyond,the key measure of its success will be whether it manages to create an enabling environment for the transformation of the global economy into a system of climate capitalism compatible with addressing climate change,or whether carbon markets are to exist as isolated sites of accumulation in an economy whose orientation is incompatible with serious efforts to address the climate crisis.

关 键 词：气候资本主义 低碳经济 碳排放 新自由主义 全球气候变化 

分 类 号：F03[经济管理—政治经济学]