化学工程固沙在塔里木沙漠公路沙害防治中的适宜性  

The Suitability of Chemical Engineering Stabilization in Controlling Aeolian Hazard Along the Highway in Tarim Basin

作　　者：韩致文[1] 胡英娣[1] 陈广庭[1] 姚正义 邵国胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,兰州730000

出　　处：《环境科学》2000年第5期86-88,共3页Environmental Science

基　　金：G1 9990 4 350 4项目

摘　　要：由于天然材料日益紧缺 ,研制适宜于流动性沙漠地区公路沙害防治的人工替代材料势在必行 .结合塔里木沙漠公路沙害环境 ,实验室优选出 L VA、LVP、WBS和 STB 4种抗性较好的固沙剂 ,对其理化性能、粘结体力学性能和抗风蚀性能等测试结果表明 :颗粒粒径 0 .2μm～ 0 .5μm,粘度 1 2 Pa· s～ 1 5Pa· s;1 0℃～ 70℃温度下无沉淀 ,不燃烧 ;实验抗压强度 1 .0 MPa～1 2 .1 MPa;1 0℃～ - 2 0℃低温下重量损失率 0 %～ 1 .8%;紫外光照射 30 0 h强度损失率 0 %～ 42 %;在 5m· s- 1～ 2 5.3m· s- 1实验风速下 ,风蚀量 0 g· ( 1 0 6cm2· h) - 1～ 4.0 g· ( 1 0 6cm2· h) - 1 ;现场试验固结层厚度 0 .2 mm～ 0 .5mm,强度高 .化学工程固沙技术适宜于塔里木沙漠公路沙害防治 .As the decreasing of the mount of natural materials used to fix sand along the highway in Tarim Basin,it is essential to study the new chemical material that can effectively fix sandy in desert environment.Through the laboratory experiment study,LVA,LVP,WBS and STB can replace the natural material chemical sandy fixation agents.In the study,the chemical agents' physics and chemical characteristics,their coherence dynamics function,their abilities of countering and erosion were tested individually.And the following points can be concluded by tests:If the diameter of chemicals particle is 0 2μm～0 5μm,the viscosity is 12Pa·s～15Pa·s and the temperature is 10℃～70℃,the chemical can not been kindled or precipitated,and the chemical layer can endure the pressure of 1 0 MPa～12 1MPa.If the temperature is 10℃～-20℃,the materials lose only 0%～1 8% of weight.If the chemical is exposed under ultra violet for 300 hours,the ability of enduring the pressure decreases by 0%～42% If the chemical is used to fix sand in the laboratory and the wind blows the fixed sand by 5 m·s -1 ～25 3m·s -1 speed,the wind erosion capability is 0 g·(106cm 2·h) -1 ～4 0g·(106cm 2·h) -1 .It was showed in the fields that if the thin of chemicals on the surface of sand is 0 2mm～0 5mm,the ability of enduring the pressure is highest,and the chemical fixation sandy techniques can be effectively used in controlling aeolian hazard along the highway in Tarim Basin.

关 键 词：化学工程固沙 固沙剂 流动性 沙漠公路 沙害防治 

分 类 号：U418.56[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]