铝与钢、不锈钢、铜焊接,复合板制备及匙孔填充新技术——搅拌摩擦钎焊(FSB)的系列应用  

New Techniques for Joining Aluminum/Steel,Aluminum/Stainless Steel and Aluminum/Copper,Fabricating Bimetallic Composite Plate and Filling Keyhole Based on Friction Stir Brazing (FSB)

作　　者：张贵锋[1] 焦伟民[1] 张建勋[1] 王士元[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室焊接研究所,西安710049

出　　处：《焊管》2013年第1期5-13,共9页Welded Pipe and Tube

摘　　要：对传统搅拌摩擦焊因针的磨损而难以适应较硬金属材料的不足,西安交通大学开发了一种"搅拌摩擦钎焊(friction stir brazing:FSB)"专利技术,并利用该技术成功焊接了铝/钢、铝/铜和铝/不锈钢异种金属搭接接头,且成功焊接了铝/钢和铝/不锈钢双金属复合板。该技术以洁净高效的摩擦热为热源,采用无针柱状搅拌头,并预置合适钎料在大气环境下施焊。与传统炉中钎焊相比,因工具对界面的挤压与扭转作用,具有明显的去膜优势;与传统搅拌摩擦焊相比,该技术用母材的快速溶解代替较硬材料的塑性变形,通过"界面扭转、挤压+膜下潜流(钎料的加入)+加压挤出"多种机制有效去除母材表面的氧化膜,且可以避免较硬材料对搅拌头针端的磨损,不产生匙孔。In order to overcome the wear of pin by the hard parent metal during friction stir welding （FSW）, a novel process of friction stir brazing （FSB） was developed by Welding Research Institute, Xi＇an Jiaotong University.Using the novel process,lap joints of Al/stcel, Al/Cu , Al/stainless steel, and Al/steel, Al/stainless steel bimetallic composite plates were successfully prepared.Compared with furnace brazing, FSB has the following advantages： atmospheric environment, clean frictional heat source, the tool without pin and suitable filler metal beneficial to oxide film removal. While comparing with traditional FSW,the characteristics of FSB Can be summarized as follows ：rapid dissolution of base metals, instead of the deformation of hard parent metal ; multiple mechanisms of interfacial extruding and torsion action, undermining （with aid of filler metal） and extrusion of liquid phase to remove the oxide film; elimination wear of the pin by steel parent metal and no keyhole.

关 键 词：搅拌摩擦焊 搅拌摩擦钎焊 异种金属搭接接头 双金属复合板 缺陷修复 

分 类 号：TG142[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]