氨化预处理参数对麦秸厌氧消化产气性能的影响  

Research of Ammonia Pretreatment Parameters on Biogasification Efficiency of Wheat Straw

作　　者：杨懂艳[1,2] 李秀金[1] 庞云芝[1] 张亚甜[1] 袁海荣[1] 刘彦萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学资源与环境研究中心,北京100029 [2]北京市环境保护监测中心,北京100044

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第1期185-190,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：中美国际科技合作项目(2011DFA90800)

摘　　要：为了降低其他碱法预处理秸秆厌氧发酵另加氮源的限制,用氨水在不同的含水率下对麦秸进行预处理,并对不同进料浓度下麦秸的产气情况进行研究,结果表明:增加预处理的含水率能够显著提高氨化预处理的效果。80%含水率氨化预处理后麦秸在3种负荷下获得了25.7～29.2L、35.4～38.1L和40.5～44.9L的累积产气量,比未处理麦秸分别提高了14%～29%、26%～36%和23%～37%。其中80%含水率、4%氨化预处理后麦秸在65g·L-1进料浓度时获得最大200mLCH4·g-1VS的甲烷产量,比未处理麦秸提高了36%;其总固体(TS)和挥发性固体(VS)的降解率分别比相同进料浓度下未处理麦秸提高了29%和30%,而消化时间节省了24%。氨化预处理能够有效降低麦秸主要组分含量,提高冷、热水及1%NaOH提取物含量,从而有效改善麦秸组分及结构,提高麦秸的厌氧消化产气性能。Aqueous ammonia was used to pretreat wheat straw to improve biodegradability and provide nitrogen source for enhancing biogasfication efficiency.Three doses of ammonia（2%,4% and 6%,dry matter）,and three moisture contents（30%,60% and 80%,dry matter）were applied to pretreat wheat straw for 7 days.The pretreated wheat straws were then anaerobically digested at three loading rates（50 g·L-1,65 g·L-1 and 80 g·L-1） to produce biogas.The results showed that the biogasfication efficiency of ammonia pretreatment wheat straws could be improved by enhancing the moisture levels.The total biogas productions of ammonia-pretreated wheat straws at 80% moisture content were 25.7～29.2 L,35.4～38.1 L and 40.5～44.9 L,increased by 14%～29%,26%～36% and 23%～37%,respectively,as compared to those of untreated ones.The wheat straw pretreated at 80% moisture content and 4% ammonia achieved the highest methane yield of 200 mLCH4·g-1 VS at the loading rate of 65 g·L-1.The reductions of total solids and volatile solids were improved by 29% and 30% respectively,and the digestion time was reduced 28%,as compared to that of untreated one.The main chemical compositions and extractives of wheat straws were also analyzed;it showed that the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose content,the contents of cold-water and hot-water extractives could be improved as moisture contents enhanced.The changes of main compositions and structures were believed to contribute to the improvement of biogas production of ammonia-pretreated wheat straws.

关 键 词：氨化 预处理 麦秸 厌氧消化 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]