泉州湾河口湿地秋茄红树林中重金属的分布、迁移和储量  

Distribution,transfer and stock of heavy metals in Kandelia candel mangrove situated in Quanzhou bay Wetland,southeast coast of China

作　　者：于瑞莲[1] 胡恭任[1] 赵金秀[1] 韩仲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学环境科学与工程系,厦门361021

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第1期125-131,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21077036);泉州市科技计划重点项目(2011Z7);华侨大学高层次人才科研项目(10BS120)资助

摘　　要：分析了泉州湾洛阳江河口湿地秋茄林及其根际沉积物中重金属元素的含量及根际沉积物中酸可提取态重金属元素含量,讨论了秋茄林-沉积物系统中重金属元素的分布、富集与迁移特征及其在秋茄林中的储量.根际沉积物中重金属元素总量及酸可提取态含量的顺序分别为:Fe>Mn>Zn>V>Pb>Cr>Cu>Ni>Co>Cd和Fe>Mn>Zn>Pb>Cu>V>Cr>Ni>Co>Cd.与该海域应执行的《海洋沉积物质量标准》(GB1868—2002)一类标准限值相比,研究区沉积物中Zn、Pb、Cu、Cd、Cr的样品超标率分别为100%、100%、90%、70%和10%.相关性分析结果表明,根际沉积物中Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、Co、Ni可能存在相同的人为源和相似的环境行为,而Fe、Mn的来源及行为与其它元素有较大不同.各元素在秋茄树各部位的平均富集系数均小于1.多数重金属元素在秋茄树不同部位的富集系数顺序为:根>叶>枝,Mn为:叶>枝>根,而Cu和Pb为:根>枝>叶.秋茄树中重金属元素从根到叶的平均迁移系数顺序为:Mn(7.44)>Zn(0.94)>Cu(0.71)>Cr(0.68)>Cd(0.63)>V(0.50)>Ni(0.46)>Co(0.41)>Pb(0.37)>Fe(0.21).Total and acid-leachable contents of heavy metals in the rhizosphere sediment, as well as their contents in different tissues of Kandelia candel, situated in Luoyang River estuarine wetland of Quanzhou Bay were determined. The distribution, accumulation and transfer characteristics and the stock of heavy metals in the system of Kandelia candel-sediment were also discussed. The average total and acid-leachable contents of heavy metals in the rhizosphere sediments showed the orders of Fe 〉 Mn 〉 Zn 〉 V 〉 Pb 〉 Cr 〉 Cu 〉 Ni 〉 Co 〉 Cd and Fe 〉 Mn 〉 Zn 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 V 〉 Cr 〉 Ni 〉 Co 〉 Cd. Most of the sediments were polluted by Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd and Cr to some extent with 100%, 100%, 90%, 70% and 10% of samples exceeding the first class limits of the Chinese National Standard of Marine Sediment Quality （GB1868--2002）. According to the results of correlation analysis, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Co and Ni might have the same anthropogenic sources and similar environmental behavior, while Fe and Mn were quite different from other heavy metals. The average bio- concentration factors of all studied heavy metals in different tissues of Kandelia candel were lower than 1. The accumulation capacity for most heavy metals showed the order of root 〉 leaf 〉 branch, with the exception of Mn （ leaf 〉 branch 〉 root） and Cu and Pb （ root 〉 branch 〉 leaf）. The average transfer factors of heavy metals from root to leaf showed the order of Mn （7.44）〉Zn （0.94） 〉 Cu （0. 71） 〉 Cr （0. 68） 〉Cd （0.63） 〉 V （0.50） 〉Ni （0.46） 〉Co （0.41） 〉Pb （0.37） 〉Fe （0.21）.

关 键 词：重金属 秋茄 根际沉积物 富集 迁移 

分 类 号：X830[环境科学与工程—环境工程]