表象与本体——安克斯密特的历史表现理论  

Representation and Ontology:Research on Historical Representation Theory of Frank Ankersmit

作　　者：李恒[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2013年第1期36-45,158,共10页Historiography Bimonthly

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“叙事主义历史哲学家群体研究”的阶段性成果之一,项目编号:12YJCZH104

摘　　要：安克斯密特的历史表现理论与叙事实体理论一脉相承，都是历史学家构建的某种叙事性解释。历史表现理论认为，历史文本是对过去实在的一种模仿，是人们认识过去的一个途径。但在认识过去的过程中，由于手段逐渐成为目的，历史表象与历史本体的边界便模糊了。为了避免历史本体的消解，历史表现理论要求历史表现既要与历史本体相似，又要与之保持距离，这就使之陷入两难境地。安克斯密特认为，历史表现继承了叙事实体的整体性和实体性，是客观世界的真实存在，他强调表现与被表现者在本体论上的地位是相等的，甚至本体的存在和对于本体的认识均有赖于其表象。这超出了人们惯常接受的认识论范围，使历史研究者不必再为恢复历史的原有面貌而煞费苦心。Ankersmit worked hard to surmount Hayden White,the founder of the narrative philosophy of history.Historical Representation Theory resulted in Ankersmit's historical representation theory expounding in detail and historians' subjectivity in the writing of historical books highlighting.In fact,due to deriving from the same origin,the historical representation theory is a succedaneum of the narrative substance theory for the sake of avoiding the color of 'story-telling'.So the historical representation possessed the integrity and substantiality of the narrative substance theory.We investigate the development and variation of the concept of representation thoroughly from the angle of etymology,and illustrate that historical text is a kind of simulation of the past and a way to know the past which contains the danger of confusing the bounder of representation and ontology.This potential danger makes historical representation theory immerse into a dilemma.According to Ankersmit,a historical representation is a thing that is made of language,the represented and its representation will share the same ontological status,and historical representation transcends the circumscription of epistemology.Through the conversion of

关 键 词：安克斯密特 历史表现 本体 表象 模仿 

分 类 号：K0[历史地理—历史学]