美国新城市主义运动的兴起及其面临的困境  

The Rising of New Urbanism Movement in U.S.and Its Dilemma

作　　者：孙群郎[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学人文学院

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2013年第1期106-118,160,共13页Historiography Bimonthly

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“美国城市郊区化的危害及其困境”(08JA770005)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：霍华德的田园城市理论和以柯布西耶为代表的现代主义城市规划理论乃是当代欧关主流的城市规划理论，这些理论在美国的应用导致了郊区的低密度蔓延和中心城市的衰败。20世纪中期以来，欧美城市规划学界对主流规划思想进行深入的分析与批判，美国的新城市主义理论于20世纪80年代应运而生并形成一定规模的新城市主义规划运动。这一运动对于克服郊区的蔓延和中心城市的衰败发挥了积极的作用。但是，由于各种主客观原因，新城市主义运动并没有达到预期效果，因而同样遭到了学术界的质疑与批评。The Garden City Theory of Ebenezer Howard and Modernist Planning Theory represented by Le Corbusier were the main planning theories in contemporary Europe and U.S.,which have caused the spread of urban low density and the decline of central cities.So these planning theories were criticized by so many post-modernist planning theorists.Thus,a new planning theory,New Urbanism,and a new planning movement,New Urbanist Movement appeared in the U.S.in 1980s.,which played a positive role in stopping the sprawl of suburbs and the declining of central cities.However,owing to various objective and subjective reasons,this movement didn't achieve the desired result and also was criticized and questioned by some people.

关 键 词：田园城市理论 现代主义规划理论 新城市主义运动 

分 类 号：K712[历史地理—历史学]