我国优秀女子投掷项目运动员多年训练结构特征分析  

Research on Structure Characteristics of Elite Throwing Athletes' Years of Training in China

作　　者：李文超[1,2] 李鸿江[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院,北京100191 [2]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2013年第1期76-80,共5页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：北京市教育委员会社科计划面上项目(SQSM201210029003)

摘　　要：运用文献资料法、专家访谈法和数理统计分析等方法,对我国优秀女子投掷项目运动员的多年训练结构特征进行研究。从5个方面进行分析,包括影响运动员成绩的主导竞技能力结构模型、多年训练的年龄结构特征、多年训练的运动负荷特征、心理训练阶段特征、训练方法与手段特征。研究结论表明:中国优秀女子投掷运动员全程性多年训练的阶段划分模式符合实现培养高水平中国女子投掷运动员目标的需要,投掷运动员应注意不同阶段负荷安排的有机联系,各阶段的高强度专项负荷量以逐级递增式安排为宜,优秀女子投掷运动员在多年训练全过程中出现始训早、高峰早、退役早的"三早"现象。对运动项目的研究要把握现代训练的基本规律,并推动运动训练实践更快地发展,已成为我国投掷运动训练理论研究的重点。By using the method of literature review, expert interview and mathematical statistics, this paper makes research on structure characteristics of elite throwing athletes＇ years of training in China. The fol- lowing five aspects are discussed including the structure model of leading competitive ability which influ- encing the performance, age structure characteristics of years of training, exercise load characteristics, training method and way. The result shows that slage classification model of Chinese elite throwing ath- letes＇ perennial years of training meets the need of current high level Chinese throwing athletes＇ cultiva- tion goal. Throwing athletes should pay attention to different stages of the arrangement of load organic connection, each phase of the high strength special load to progressive type arrangement is appropriate, elite throwing athletes in many years training all appeared in the process of starting training early, peak early, retire earlier ＂three early＂ phenomenon. On the study of modern sports training to grasp the basic law, and promote the practice of sports training and faster development has become the research focus in throwing sports training theory.

关 键 词：女子投掷项目 训练 特结构征 优秀运动员 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]