箱式通风干燥机小麦干燥试验研究  

Experiments of wheat drying by bin-ventilation dryer

作　　者：谢焕雄[1] 王海鸥[1] 胡志超[1] 张会娟[1] 颜建春[1] 仇春婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第1期64-71,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203037);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-14-08B)

摘　　要：为了解小麦平床通风干燥特性,该文以某型号箱式通风干燥机为试验设备,开展小麦收获后干燥试验研究,测试分析了干燥床风场分布、干燥床层含水率分布、温度分布及耗能等特性。研究表明,该设备在水平面和垂直面均存在较明显的干燥速度差异;在干燥6h结束时整个小麦床层的最大含水率差异超过3%,影响整批物料的干燥效率和干燥成本;干燥5h后整批物料含水率达到小麦贮藏要求,每1kg物料含水率下降5%的能耗成本为0.09元。根据试验研究结果,提出在入风口增加导风栅格、干燥仓体4个角采用圆弧过渡处理、采用气流换向机构和交替换向通风干燥工艺等改进措施来改善该设备干燥均匀性。研究结果为该类型干燥机的小麦干燥工艺优化及设备改进设计提供了依据。In recent years, the current sun-drying facilities in Chinese rural area are far from being able to meet the requirements of post-harvest drying of major grain crops because of the rapid development of harvesting mechanization, and grain dryers are widely demanded to reduce post-harvest losses of rural grain crops. As an economical and practical grain dryer, bin-ventilation dryer is considerably fitting for Chinese rural production practice. In order to understand the wheat ventilation drying characteristics in flat bed,experimental studies of post-harvest wheat drying were performed on SKS-480 type of bin-ventilation dryer, which involved in testing and analysis of the air field distribution upon the no-load aperture plate, the moisture distribution of materials, the temperature distribution of dry bed and the energy dissipation. The wheat dry bed was 15cm in depth, and the total drying time was set as 6 h, with air temperatures 50℃ during the first three hours and air temperature 60℃during the latter three hours. For testing temperature and moisture content of the wheat dry bed, the drying region area on horizontal plane was evenly divided into 25 unit areas, and the 15 cm-deep dry bed on vertical plane was evenly divided into upper, middle and bottom layers, respectively. It was concluded that there was evident drying speed difference among the horizontal plane and vertical plane of the dry bed, which was caused by the uneven wind field distribution and the dry bed depth. After 6 h of drying, there was very significant difference （p〈0.01） among the materials temperatures of upper, middle and bottom layer of wheat bed. And average moisture content of bottom layer was significantly higher than that of upper and middle layers （p〈0.01）, while there was smaller difference （p〉0.01） between the average moisture content of upper and middle layers. And the maximal difference of moisture content among the whole dry bed was more than 3%, which failed to meet the relevant industry standards and the n

关 键 词：干燥 试验 农产品 箱式通风干燥机 小麦 

分 类 号：S226.6[农业科学—农业机械化工程]