元谋干热河谷区退化坡地土壤裂缝形态发育的影响因子  

Influence factors of morphological development of soil cracks in degraded slopes in Yuanmou dry-hot valley region

作　　者：熊东红[1,2] 杨丹[1,2,3] 李佳佳[1,2,4] 苏正安[1,2] 董一帆[1,2] 翟娟[1,2,4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,成都610041 [2]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [4]成都信息工程学院,成都610225

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第1期102-108,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40901009);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCXZ-EW-QN317);中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所"青年百人团队"项目(SDSQB-2011-01);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划"西部博士资助项目"

摘　　要：土壤开裂影响土体内水分散失、溶质运移及土体结构,是元谋干热河谷坡地退化的一个重要过程及特征。该文通过对元谋干热河谷退化坡地典型土壤裂缝样方的实地调查及数据的室内分析,系统分析了土壤理化属性对裂缝发育程度的影响。研究结果表明:1)土壤裂缝发育程度与土壤黏粒含量、土壤胀缩度、土壤容重呈正相关,与土壤有机质含量、土壤总孔隙度呈较弱的负相关;2)土壤裂缝发育程度的首要影响因子是土壤结构性因子(土壤容重、总孔隙度和黏粒含量),其次为土壤胀缩度,然后是土壤有机质。该研究可为进一步研究土壤开裂导致的土地退化过程奠定基础,为制定开裂土体的改良措施提供参考。Soil cracking is an important process and feature of the slope degradation in Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Region, which influences water evaporation, solutes transport and soil structure. In this paper, 25 soil crack quads were investigated by using the photography method to describe the morphology of soil cracks, and meanwhile, soil samples were also obtained at soil depth 0-30 cm and 〉30-60 cm in the same quad. The crack area density （Dc） was obtained by ArcGIS 9.0. The values for soil physico-chemical properties were also obtained by laboratory analysis. And then, the influences of soil physico-chemical properties on the development degrees of soil cracks were analyzed by application of statistical analysis methods. The Results indicate that： （1） The development degrees of soil cracks have a positive correlation with clay content, swell-shrink property and bulk density, and are negatively correlated to organic content and soil porosity. Dc, which is the quantitative indicator for the development degrees of soil cracks has been found to have a significant strong correlation with clay content, their coefficients were 0.97 and 0.95 for 0-30 cm layer and for 〉30-60 cm layer respectively. And for Dc and bulk density, their relationship also appears significant positively correlated, witch was 0.81 and 0.68 for 0-30 cm and 〉30-60 cm layer respectively. Dc and swell-shrink property has the same correlation with its coefficient of 0.81. However, as for Dc and organic content, Dc and soil porosity, the correlations were found to be negatively correlated with coefficients of -0.55 and -0.72 for the layer of 0-30 cm. On the basis of that, each regression equation for Dc and other influential factors are given by application of the regression analysis. （2） The soil structural indices （including bulk density, soil porosity and clay content） are the most important factors affecting the development degrees of soil cracks, then followed with swell-shrink property and organic content. Principal component ana

关 键 词：土壤 水分 溶质运移 形态发育 影响因子 元谋干热河谷 

分 类 号：S152.4[农业科学—土壤学]