外源钙与丛枝菌根真菌协同对玉米生长的影响与土壤改良效应  

Effects of AMF cooperating with exogenous calcium on maize growth and soil improvement

作　　者：李少朋[1] 毕银丽[1] 陈昢圳[2] Zhakypbek Yryszhan 刘生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [3]哈萨克斯坦工业大学矿业冶金学院,阿拉木图050013

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第1期109-116,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：教育部博士点基金项目(20090023110009);十二五科技支撑计划-晋陕蒙接壤区煤炭基地生态建设关键技术与示范(2012BAC10B03)

摘　　要：为了缓解煤炭开采对神东矿区农业生产和地表环境造成的破坏,试验模拟神东矿区干旱缺水特点,以煤炭开采塌陷区退化土壤为供试基质,玉米为供试植物,研究丛枝菌根真菌(每克干土中含63个孢子)和不同浓度的外源钙(5,10,20,40,80mmol/L)协同效应对中度干旱胁迫下苗期玉米生长的影响。结果表明,干旱胁迫下,20mmol/L外源钙与丛枝菌根真菌协同效应最优,玉米质量平均每株可达4.03g,组织含水率和叶色值分别达到91.68%和43.67,玉米植株内氮磷钾累积量显著高于其他处理;同时,玉米根际土壤球囊霉素相关蛋白增加最为明显,总球囊霉素和易提取球囊霉素分别达到4.3和1.6mg/g,根际土壤中有机质含量增加明显。丛枝菌根真菌与外源钙联合作用有利于玉米的生长,缓解了干旱胁迫对苗期玉米生长的影响,接种丛枝菌根真菌对矿区退化土壤具有显著改良效应。Shendong mining area, with the first coal output and larger subsidence area in China, is the largest coalfield in China and also one of the seven major coalfields in the world. Shendong mining area belongs to the typical semi-arid, semi-desert plateau continental climate. Many regions, with dry climate, scarce rainfall, adequate light, strong evaporation, and dry air, are extremely unfavorable to the growth of plants. Ecological environment in the mining area is fragile and vulnerable to damage. Coal mining would severely damage soil and plants. Underground mining would cause ground subsidence damage and produce large amounts of crack, resulting in losses of surface moisture and nutrient and intensifying drought. Therefore, water is limiting factor for agricultural production in Shendong mining area. In order to relieve the destruction of the agricultural production and surface environment caused by coal mining in Shendong mining area. The synergistic effects of the exogenous calcium and the AMF on the growth of maize at seedling were investigated by simulating experiments, with the degraded soils and maize as the test matrix and test plant respectively, simulating the characteristics of drought and water shortage of Shendong mining area. Tested strains are from Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences. Glomus mosseae propagation was conducted in laboratory. The spores of AMF account for 63 strains per gram dry soil. The concentrations of exogenous calcium are 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 mmol/L respectively. The results showed that the synergistic effect of 20 mmol/L exogenous calcium and AMF was optimal, which significantly increased the biomass, tissue water content and leaf color value of maize; an average dry weight of maize per plant reached to 94.1%, tissue water content and leaf color value were 91.68% and 43.67 respectively;and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation were significantly higher than those of other treatments. At the same time, the glomalin in maize rhizosphere soil increased

关 键 词：干旱 钙 土壤 丛枝菌根 神东矿区 玉米 球囊霉素 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]