不同坡向梭梭幼苗的生长状况和适应特征  

Growth and Adaptation of Haloxylon ammodendron Seedlings in Different Habitats in Guerbantunggut Desert

作　　者：李兴[1,2] 蒋进[1] 宋春武[1] 陈明 殷文娟[4] 张恒[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]新疆额尔齐斯河流域工程开发建设管理局,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2013年第1期101-105,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高技术研究发展项目(201133129);北疆引水工程沙漠段无灌溉人工林可持续维护技术开发与示范项目资助

摘　　要：以古尔班通古特沙漠南缘一年生梭梭移栽苗为研究对象,对梭梭幼苗的地上部分生长状况、蒸腾速率日变化趋势以及根系形态进行了调查,探讨不同坡向梭梭幼苗的生长和适应特征。结果表明,平地、阴坡和阳坡表层0～30cm土壤含水量无显著差异,40～100cm土壤含水量阳坡<阴坡<平地。梭梭幼苗同化枝生长速率和含水量均表现为阳坡<阴坡<平地,其生长速率和含水量可能与根层土壤含水量高低有关。不同坡向梭梭幼苗蒸腾速率日变化均呈"单峰型",12:00—16:00阳坡梭梭幼苗蒸腾速率显著高于阴坡与平地。阳坡梭梭幼苗主根不发达,侧根较多但较短;平地和阴坡梭梭幼苗根系主根发达,以单根为主。这反映出根系对相应生境下土壤水分的适应特征。Using one-year Haloxylon ammodendron transplants growing in the south part of the Gurban- tunggute Desert, we investigated the aboveground growth, diurnal transpiration rate change and root mor- phology of H. ammodendro seedlings, and explored the growth and adaptation characteristics of H. am- modendron seedlings in different habitats （windward slope, leeward slope, and inter-dune lowland）. The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil moisture contents of the 0-30 cm soil layer a- mong different habitats, while the soil moisture contents of 40-100 cm soil layer were significantly differ- ent among the three haitats, 6.65% - 13.60% at the leeward slope, 1.91% -3.56% at the windward slope, and 3.43 % --3.59 % at inter-dune lowland. Water content and growth rate of the assimilating shoots of H. ammodendron seedling at different habitats performed as similar as the soil moisture content, sug- gesting that water content and growth rate of the assimilating shoots could probably be related to soil mois- ture. The diurnal transpiration rate change of H. ammodendron seedlings at different aspects showed a similarly single-peaked type, with significantly higher diurnal water consumption at the windward slope than that at the leeward slope and the inter-dune lowland during 12：00--16：00. The axial root of H. ammoden- dron seedling at the windward slope was poorly developed, with many but short lateral roots. Whike the ax- ial roots at the inter-dune lowland and the leeward slope were highly developed, with one single axial root, which implied that the root system could adapt itself to the soil moisture under corresponding habitat.

关 键 词：梭梭 土壤水分 蒸腾速率 同化枝 根系形态 

分 类 号：Q945.3[生物学—植物学]