象山港网箱养殖对近海沉积物细菌群落的影响  

The bacterial community of coastal sediments influenced by cage culture in Xiangshan Bay,Zhejiang,China

作　　者：裘琼芬[1] 张德民[1] 叶仙森[2] 郑珍珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211 [2]国家海洋局宁波海洋环境监测中心站,宁波315012

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第2期483-491,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y201121499);宁波大学学科项目(xkl11090);国家863资助项目(2012AA092001)

摘　　要：微生物在有机物质分解、能量转移等生物地化循环中起着重要作用,研究养殖活动对沉积物中微生物多样性的影响对正确评价近海生态系统结构和功能具有重要意义。结合沉积物的理化分析(T、pH、Eh和SO24-),通过T-RFLP(末端限制性片段长度多态性)分析了象山港网箱养殖对近海不同深度沉积物中细菌群落结构和多样性的影响,构建了对照区0—5 cm沉积物样品的细菌16S rRNA基因克隆文库,并进行了系统发育分析。结果表明,近海网箱养殖活动不但使象山港沉积物Eh、pH值等理化性质有所改变,而且使细菌的群落结构也发生了变化,变形细菌纲细菌的相对丰度降低,细菌群落的多样性和均匀度也显著降低,致使近海沉积物细菌群落由多样性高的稳定结构向多样性降低的不稳定结构转变。Microorganisms play important roles in biogeochemical cycling such as organic matter decomposition and energy transformation.Recently,rapid development of aquaculture has caused a large influx of introduced organic matter into Xiangshan Bay,Zhejiang Province,China.At the same time,many ecological problems have developed in this coastal site.Study of the influence of aquaculture on microbial diversity in sediments is important for the structural and functional assessment of coastal ecosystems.In this paper,sediments in three sites were investigated in July 2011： a control or check site（CK）,an intersection site 6—8 km from the aquaculture site（IS）,and a cage culture site（AC）.As the physicochemical background showed,total organic carbon in those three sites was different.Several physiochemical factors（T,pH,Eh and SO2-4） were analyzed.The temperatures of sediments in Xiangshan Bay decreased with depth,but remained between 23.0—26.5 ℃ in the upper 55 cm layer.The pH of sediments was slightly alkaline,but was elevated slightly in the AC site,although all of the sediments had pH values of 7.6—7.9.The effect of aquaculture on SO2-4 was not significant.However,as expected,the measurement of Eh showed sediment in the CK site had the highest oxidation-reduction potential.Following with physiochemical analysis,the structure and diversity of bacterial communities in sediments from Xiangshan Bay were analyzed by Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism（T-RFLP） analysis and cloning/sequencing.Total nucleic acids was extracted from the sediment core.T-RFLP analysis was conducted after amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA partial gene using a fluorescent primer pair 27-FAM/907R and digestion by Msp I（C^CGG）.A bacterial 16S rRNA partial gene clone library was constructed using DNA extracted from the upper 5 cm sediment layer of the CK region,and the phylogenic relationships were analyzed using the neighbor-joining method in ARB software.Our results revealed sediments from Xiangshan Bay

关 键 词：细菌 网箱养殖 沉积物 T-RFLP 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]