‘红丽’海棠早实植株发育过程中内源激素变化  

Changes of Endogenous Hormones of Precocious Crabapple During Development

作　　者：吴曼[1] 张文会[1] 王荣[1] 董彦[1] 毛志泉[1] 沈向[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《园艺学报》2013年第1期10-20,共11页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-28);山东省科技发展计划项目(2011GNC11109);山东省良种产业化项目(2009-96)

摘　　要：以童期不同的海棠(Malus sp.)植株为试材,使用酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定花芽分化期间短枝顶芽、幼叶、细根中内源激素含量的变化,以探讨内源激素对花芽分化的影响,为缩短果树童期、开发利用早实海棠资源奠定基础。结果显示,早实植株与成熟嫁接植株的内源激素含量变化趋势相似。花芽分化的前期阶段,芽和根中 IAA 含量均逐渐减少,到 9 月初开始上升,成熟植株含量整体低于未成熟植株;成熟植株叶中内源 IAA 含量高于未成熟植株。芽中 GAs 先上升后下降再上升,成熟植株 8 月份达到最低,而未成熟植株 9 月份处于最低水平;叶中 GAs 含量在成熟植株均保持较低水平;根中 GAs 变化与芽相反。内源 ZR 含量在不同器官均有大幅增加,成熟植株均高于未成熟植株,实生早实植株中的变化幅度最大。成熟植株芽中 ABA 含量在 160 ～ 170 ng · g-1FW 上下波动,未成熟植株始终低于 160ng · g-1FW;叶和根中的 ABA 含量变化趋势一致,即先升高后逐渐下降,9 月之后回升。成熟植株较未成熟植株在芽与叶中均表现为高比值的 ABA/GAs 与 ZR/GAs,而根中与此相反。The content and the different dynamic of endogenous hormones in spur terminal buds,young leaves and fine roots during the bud differentiation of ornamental crabapple in different juvenile lengths has been measured by ELISA for probing how the ornamental crabapple flower bud differentiation is effected by endogenous hormones and for using the resources to shorten the juvenile lengths. The results demonstrated that the similar endogenous hormones contents and trend between the precocious plants and grafted mature plants. The IAA contents in the apical buds and roots decreased first and reached the minimum value in the early September during the process of flower bud differentiation. It was lower than the immature plants. The contents of IAA in the mature materials in leaves were higher than the immature one. The contents of GAs in apical buds increased first and then decreased to the minimum value in the early August. It was down to the lowest in the mature and also in the immature materials in the September. The contents of GAs in leaves of mature materials stayed at a low level in most of the time. The contents of GAs in the root were contrary to it was in the apical buds. The contents of endogenous hormones were higher and showed the highest range ability in mature materials than in precocious one. The ABA contents in buds of the mature materials were fluctuated in 160–170 ng · g-1FW and immature individuals were always less than 160 ng · g-1FW. The similar trend of ABA contents was showed in leaves and roots,increased first and then decreased gradually and reached the minimum level in the early September finally. The opposite results were discovered in roots. Mature varieties have a high ratio of ABA/GAs and ZR/GAs than more immature variety in buds and leaves,and contrast in the root.

关 键 词：早实海棠 童期 内源激素 花芽分化 

分 类 号：S661[农业科学—果树学]