溶剂对膨润土微纳米化的影响研究  

Research on Effect of Solvents on Bentonite Nanoparticles

作　　者：许晨红[1] 王卫军[1] 金叶玲[1] 陈静[1] 

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院江苏省凹土资源利用重点实验室,江苏淮安223003

出　　处：《非金属矿》2013年第1期5-7,共3页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51174096)

摘　　要：以粒径分布、SEM和XRD分析为主要表征方法,从片层疏离程度和团聚体颗粒大小这两个方面综合评价水、异丙醇和二甲苯等6种溶剂对膨润土微纳米化的影响。实验表明,质量分数对水相膨润土的粒度分布影响显著,膨润土质量分数从5%下降到0.5%时,其最大粒径分布从4310nm快速下降到712nm,但即使质量分数低至0.1%,膨润土仍难以达到单片层的理想分布。不同溶剂对膨润土分散作用差别较大,水分散的膨润土颗粒结构致密,片层间隙不明显;乙醇、二甲苯、丙酮以及异丙醇分散的膨润土颗粒粒径均一,分别集中在380 nm、390nm、530nm和650 nm,且颗粒片层边缘剥离,片层间距明显,颗粒疏松;小角度XRD分析也进一步证明乙醇和异丙醇对膨润土有一定的插层作用。乙醇、二甲苯、丙酮及异丙醇对膨润土会产生明显的微纳米化效应。This study gives a comprehensive research on the effect of solvents on the bentonite nanoparticles, which is based on the sparse extension of sheets and the sizes of agglomerated particles. The characterization methods were mainly carried out by a Malvern Zetasizer, a scanning electromnicroscope and X-ray diffraction. The results shows that the solution dosage significantly infects the distribution of bentonite particle size. When the dosage decreases from 5% to 0.5%, the most particle size distribution reduces from 4310 nm to 712 nm. A deal solution in which bentonite is dispersed into single-layer sheet could not achieve at the dosage of 0.1%. So bentonite nanopartieles can not be got by decreasing of solution dosage. The dispersion behabvior of bentonit in different solvents is widely different, the particles of bentonite in ethanol, dimethylbenzene, acetone and isopropanol are approximately 380 nm, 390 nm, 530 nm, 650 nm size respectively with narrow distribution range. The particles of bentonite are loose and the interlayer space are clearly observed other than bentonite in water. The intercalation impact of bentonite by ethanol and isopropanol is proved with XRD. In a word, the particles of bentonite could be disperated into mico-nano scale by ethanol, dimethylbenzene, acetone and isopropanol.

关 键 词：溶剂 膨润土 插层 微纳米化 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿] TQ413[化学工程]