麻黄先煎对麻杏甘石汤抗菌与抗A型流感病毒作用的影响  

Influence of first-decocted ephedra to the antibacterial and anti-A-type influenza virus effects of Maxing Shigan Decoction

作　　者：卢芳国[1] 郭小鸽[1] 谭露[1] 何迎春[1] 肖子曾[1] 杨胜辉[1] 张波[1] 向琴[1] 刘俐[1] 蔡锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南中医药大学,长沙410208

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2013年第2期347-350,共4页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然基金课题(No.81072751);湖南省科技计划项目(No.2009SK3120);国家"863计划"专项课题(No.2009AA10Z403);湖南省卫生厅科研课题(No.2010014);湖南省高校科技创新团队<感染性疾病中医药防治研究>建设项目(No.15);湖南省省级精品课程<免疫学与病原生物学>建设项目(No.48);湖南省重点学科<中西医结合基础>建设项目(No.100602);湖南中医药大学重点学科<病原生物学>建设项目(No.1)~~

摘　　要：目的:观察麻黄先煎对麻杏甘石汤抗菌与抗A型流感病毒作用的影响。方法:①分别采用琼脂扩散法、试管稀释法检测麻黄先煎煎剂和四味药同煎煎剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、甲型溶血性链球菌和乙型溶血性链球菌的抑菌环直径、最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC);②采用鼻腔接种法建立A型流感病毒小鼠肺部感染模型,实验设正常对照组、模型对照组、奥司他韦组、麻黄先煎组、四味药同煎组,经灌胃给药或给0.9%氯化钠溶液7d后,检测小鼠肺指数、肺病理变化。结果:①麻黄先煎煎剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、乙型溶血性链球菌的抑菌环直径明显大于四味药同煎煎剂(P<0.05,P<0.01)。麻黄先煎煎剂对表皮葡萄球菌的MIC及对金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌的MBC均低于四味药同煎煎剂。②两种煎剂均能显著抑制流感病毒感染小鼠肺指数的增加(P<0.01,P<0.05),但麻黄先煎组与模型组之间的差异显著性(P<0.01)大于四味药同煎组与模型组之间的差异显著性(P<0.05),麻黄先煎煎剂对肺组织病理变化改善作用优于四味药同煎煎剂。结论:麻黄先煎煎剂抗菌与抗A型流感病毒作用优于四味药同煎煎剂。Objective： To observe the influence of first-decocted ephedra to the antibacterial and anti-A-type influenza virus effects of Maxing Shigan Decoction （MXSGD）. Methods： （~） The agar diffusion test and tube method were respectively used for examination of the antibacterial effects of the decoction which ephedra decocted first （D-ephedra） and the decoction which those four kinds of herbs decocted at the same time （D-4） on S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, u-hemolytic streptococcus, ^-hemolytic streptococcus. The antibacterial effects included the inhibition zone diameters, minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） and minimum bactericidal concentration （MBC）. ~） Nasal inoculation by A-type influenza virus was adopted to establish mouse pulmonary infection model. There were normal group, model control group, Oseltamivir group, D-ephedra group and D-4 group. After lavaging medicines or normal saline for 7 days, the pulmonary indexes were detected and pulmonary pathologic changes were observed by light microscope. Results： （~） The diameters of inhibition zones formed in D-ephedra against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and [3-hemolytic streptococcus were significantly larger than D-4 （P〈0.01）; The MIC of D-ephedra effect on S. epidermidis and the MBC of D-e effect on S. aureus and S. epidermidis were lower than the MIC and MBC of D-4. （2） Two kinds of decoction all could inhibit the increase of pulmonary indexes of mice infected by influenza virus significantly （P〈0.01, P〈0.05）, but the significance difference（P〈0.01） between D-ephedra group and model control group is greater than D-4 group with model control group（P〈0.05）, the pulmonary pathologic changes were significant improved in D-ephedra, which was superior to the D-4. Conclusions： The effect of antibacterial and anti-A-type influenza virus of the decoction which ephedra decocted first was superior to the decoction which those four kinds of herbs decocted at the same time.

关 键 词：麻杏甘石汤 麻黄 细菌 流感病毒 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]