鄱阳湖流域干旱气候特征研究  

Climatic characteristics of the drought in Lake Poyang catchment

作　　者：闵屾[1] 严蜜[1] 刘健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2013年第1期65-72,共8页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-337);国家重点基础研究发展计划“973”项目(2010CB950102);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(XDA05080800)联合资助

摘　　要：本文利用鄱阳湖流域127个站点1960-2007年逐日降水和温度资料,选用Z指数对鄱阳湖流域的气象干旱进行分析,并将干旱分为偏旱、大旱和特旱三个等级.研究结果表明鄱阳湖流域干旱基本呈现出南少北多、南强北弱的空间分布形式.鄱阳湖流域7-12月发生的干旱以偏旱为主,大旱和特旱主要出现在1-6月.线性趋势变化分析表明,2000年以来干旱范围和干旱强度均呈现出增加的趋势,其中,2003、2004和2007年的干旱较为严重.2003年大部分月份偏旱范围广、强度大,全年大旱和特旱出现的范围均较小,但3-4月和6-7月的大旱和特旱强度较大;2004年大部分月份偏旱范围和强度均相对较小,但在3月和6月出现范围较大且强度较强的大旱和特旱;2007年干旱分布更为极端,仅在7、10和11月出现范围较广或强度较大的偏旱,而在5月集中出现面积超过80%的大旱和特旱.Based on daily rainfall and temperature datasets of 127 stalions in Lake Poyang catchment during the period of 1960 - 2007, the climatic drought which was classified into slight drought, heavy drought and extreme drought by using Z index was stud- ied in this paper. The results show that the frequency of drought in the south part of Lake Poyang area is less than that in the north part and the strength of drought in the south part is stronger than that in the north part. The slight drought mainly occurred from Ju- ly to December, while the heavy drought and extrmne drought mainly occurred from January to June. The range and strength of the drought have been increased since 2000 year, especially in 2003, 2004 and 2007. The slight drought appeared in most months of 2003 with extensive area and heavy strength. The heavy and extreme drought with small area appeared in most months of 2003, ex- cept in March - April and June - July. The area and strength of slight drought were small in most months of 2004, but the heavy and extreme drought with extensive area and heavy strength appeared in March and June. The slight drought in July, October and November of 2007 occurred in extensive area, but heavy and extreme drought in May occurred in more than 80% area of Lake Poy- ang catchment.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖流域 气象干旱 Z指数 季节变化 

分 类 号：P463.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]