利用矿物共生关系确定成矿条件--以海沟金矿为例  

The utilization of mineral association relationship to determine the metallogenic environment: A case study of the Haigou gold deposit

作　　者：刘善琪[1] 李永兵[1] 曾庆栋[2] 田会全[1] 朱伯靖[1] 石耀霖[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室,中国科学院大学,北京100049 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,矿产资源研究重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》2013年第1期99-105,共7页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：全国危机矿山接替资源综合研究资助项目(20089931);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAB03B09)

摘　　要：研究矿物共生关系是揭示成矿地球化学条件的基础,是探讨矿床形成环境的一个重要方面,它对发展成矿理论起着重要作用。本文以海沟金矿为例,在广泛收集最新热力学数据的基础上,利用矿物共生关系相图初步确定了海沟金矿成矿的物理化学条件。成矿过程可分为4个阶段:石英-钾长石阶段,偏碱性(pH值7.1~9.2),弱氧化到弱还原环境(Eh值-0.3^+0.5 V);金-石英-黄铁矿阶段,属中酸性弱氧化-弱还原环境;金-多金属硫化物-石英阶段,中酸性(pH值4左右),弱还原环境(Eh值<-0.2 V);金-石英-碳酸盐阶段,从高温到低温逐步从pH=4.5转变为pH=5.3,而成矿的Eh值也从弱还原(-0.3 V)向弱氧化(+0.5 V)过渡。The research on the relationship of mineral associations constitutes the basis of revealing metallogenic geochemical conditions and is also an important aspect in the study of the formation environment, thus having great significance for the development of the metallogenic theory. With the Haigou gold deposit as an example, the authors initially determined its physical and chemical conditions. Its metallogenic process can be divided into four stages： the stage of quartz-K-feldspar, characterized by alkaline nature （pH = 7.1- 9.2） and weak oxidation environment to weak reducing environment （Eh = -0.3- ＋ 0.5 V） ; the gold-quartz-pyrite stage, belonging to intermediate-acid weak redox environment; the gold-polymetallic sulfide-quartz stage, characterized by acid （about 4） and weak reducing environment （lower than -0.2 V）; the gold-quartz-carbonate stage, characterized by the gradual transition from pH = 4.5 to pH = 5.3 with the decreasing temperature, accompanied by the transition of the metallogenic Eh value from weak reduction （ -0.3 V） to weak oxidation （ ＋ 0.5 V）.

关 键 词：矿物共生 成矿阶段 成矿环境 海沟金矿 

分 类 号：P579[天文地球—矿物学]