天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川1959-2009年物质平衡变化过程及特征研究  

Change Processes and Characteristics of Mass Balance of the ürümqi Glacier No.1 at the Headwaters of the ürümqi River,Tianshan Mountains,during 1959-2009

作　　者：张国飞[1] 李忠勤[1,2] 王文彬[2] 王卫东[1] 李慧林[2] 怀保娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室/中国科学院天山冰川站,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2012年第6期1301-1309,共9页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(41121001);国家自然科学基金项目(41001040;41161012);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-EW-311);中国科学寒区旱区环境与工程研究所青年人才基金项目(51Y084911)资助

摘　　要：以天山乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川1958/1959—2008/2009年度物质平衡资料为基础,研究了冰川的物质平衡变化过程及特征.结果表明:51a来1号冰川物质平衡经历了9次负平衡波动和9次正平衡波动,负平衡年与正平衡年之比为35∶16,负平衡年平均物质平衡-450mm,正平衡年平均物质平衡130mm,多年平均物质平衡-267mm.1997—2008年,该冰川连续12a的物质平衡观测结果均为负平衡年,并且总体上处于数值很大的强负平衡,直至2008年出现了历史上最大的负平衡,物质平衡量为-999mm.1959—2009年,累积亏损达-13 646mm(约-2 402.6×104 m3),即冰川平均较之1959年减薄了15.2m,这种长时期连续物质亏损状态对1号冰川是一个严峻的考验.In this paper,the change process and characteristics of ürümqi Glacier No.1 during the past 51 years is studied based on the observation of mass balance on the ürümqi Glacier No.1 from 1959 to 2009.It is found that the glacier has experienced nine negative mass balance fluctuations and nine positive mass balance fluctuations since 1959,and the ratio of negative balance years to positive balance years is 35：16.The average negative mass balance has reached-450 mm,the average positive one has reached 130 mm,and the average annual balance has reached-267 mm.From 1997 to 2008,the observed mass balance on the ürümqi Glacier No.1 WAs negative mass balance for 12 consecutive years.Furthermore,ürümqi Glacier No.1 has been in the state of strong negative mass balance in general,with the largest negative mass balance（-999 mm） in history until 2008.From 1959 to 2009,cumulative mass loss of the glacier reached-13 646 mm（2 402.6 ×104 m^3）.In other words,the thickness of the glacier in 2009 decreased 15.2 m as compared with that in 1959.This continuous long-term mass loses is very severe for a glacier.

关 键 词：1号冰川 物质平衡 平衡线 纯消融量 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]