油蒿在兰州南北两山生态环境建设中的适应性评价研究  

Evaluation of the Adaptability of Artemisia ordosica Cultivated in Lanzhou's North and South Hills

作　　者：孙宏义[1] 钟芳[2] 李芳[1] 董海涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2012年第6期1517-1525,共9页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国科学院院地合作项目"雨养地区陡削坡面灌草植被恢复技术试验示范研究";中国科学院科研装备研制项目(2011-198);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAC07B04)资助

摘　　要：采用系统抽样的方法,对兰州南北两山砾质红砂土和灰钙土喷播种植的油蒿进行了统计分析评价.结果显示:油蒿表现出对兰州南北两山瘠薄土壤非宜林地的广泛适应性.砾质红砂土生长3a生油蒿,水平沟内,油蒿地茎以5～10mm为主,高度以100～160cm为主,平均盖度达到90%以上,密度达到17株.m-2;人工整地形成的60°以上斜坡,油蒿地茎以0～5mm为主,高度以80～100cm为主,平均盖度达到80%,密度达到30株.m-2;坡度大于60°天然陡坡面,油蒿地茎以0～5mm为主,高度以20～40cm为主,平均盖度达到20%,密度达到25株.m-2;45°塌陷缓坡虚方区域,油蒿地茎以5～10mm为主,高度以60～80cm为主,平均盖度达到60%,密度达到43株.m-2.灰钙土60°人工陡削坡面5a生油蒿:油蒿地茎从上坡到下坡,上坡位地茎小于4mm,下坡位地茎接近25mm,坡面以地茎4～9mm为主,高度以40～80cm为主.油蒿盖度上坡位达到40%,密度达到16株.m-2;下坡位,油蒿盖度达到48%,密度达到12株.m-2.油蒿在兰州南北两山绿化中,随土壤水分,植物盖度和密度的关系表现为:大的覆盖度以个体大冠幅,总体密度小为特征;小的覆盖度以个体小冠幅,总体密度大为特征.Abstract： In this article, systematic sampling methods are used to analyze the growth condition of Artemisia ordosica cultivated in red sand soil and the sierozem in Lanzhou North-South Hills. It is found that A. ordosica has an extensive adaptability to the barren and non-suitable for afforestation soil in Lanzhou North-South hills： The A. ordosica with three-year growth period is able to cultivate in the red sandy soil. In the horizontal ditch, A. ordosica stalk mainly reaches 5--10 mm, with height of 100--160 cm, average coverage of more than 90%, and density of 17 trees per square meter; In the artificial slope over 60°, A. ordosica stalk mainly reaches 0-5 mm, with height of 80- 100 cm, average coverage of 80%, and density of 30 trees per square meter; In the original slope over 60°, A. ordosica stalk mainly reaches 0 - 5 mm, with height of 20-40 cm, average coverage of 80% , and density of 25 trees per square meter;In the untamped backfill slope of 45°, A. ordosica terrace with collapse and stalk mainly reaches 5 10 mm, with height of 60-80 cm, average cover- age of 600/oo, and density of 43 trees per square meter; The A. ordosica with five-year growth period is able to cultivate in the artificial sierozem slopes of 60°. Its stalk is 4 mm in the uphill and 25 mmin the downhill and mostly in the slope surface rea- ches 4~9 ram. The A. ordosica height mostly reaches 40-80 cm, with average coverage of 400/oo and density of 16 trees per square meter in the uphill, but with average coverage of 48~ and density of 12 trees per square meter in the downhill. The A. ordosica in the afforestation of Lanzhou NorthSouth Hills has the characteristics that large coverage with big crown and small bulk density, but low coverage with little crown and large bulk density, dependent on soil moisture.

关 键 词：油蒿 绿化 兰州 沙漠 黄土高原 

分 类 号：Q945.3[生物学—植物学]