瞬时受体电位通道蛋白TRPA1的研究进展  

Recent Advances on TRPA1 Channels

作　　者：邓可宣[1] 和七一[1] 邹家丽[1] 余晓东[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院活性物质生物技术教育部工程研究中心重庆市生物活性物质工程研究中心重庆市动物生物学重点实验室,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期33-37,共5页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

摘　　要：TRP(Transient receptor potential)离子通道是一个位于细胞膜上的离子通道大家族,依据TRP序列同源性可将哺乳动物中的TRP离子通道分为6个亚家族即TRPC、TRPM、TRPV、TRPA、TRPML和TRPP。TRP离子通道可以被多种机制调控,这使得它可以作为细胞感受器发生作用;主要介绍了TRPA1的结构功能、激活方式及其作为感受器在动物机体感受多种物理化学信号刺激中的作用。作为TRP离子通道家族中的一员,TRPA1有选择性地在毛发皮肤细胞、三叉神经、结状神经节及脊神经后根中的神经元亚群中表达。TRPA1与其他TRP离子通道成员相同,TRPA1可以被多种理化方式激活,介导动物体中存在的多种感觉生理功能。目前通过RNAi、基因敲除等技术手段逐步明确了TRPA1离子通道在生物体的冷觉、温觉、机械刺激以及疼痛感受中的作用,将显著促进以后对于感觉障碍等病理生理过程和机制的研究。The TRP （Transient receptor potential） ion channels are a large family of ion channels which located on the cell mem- brane. Based on their sequence homology, mammalian TRP ion channels can be divided into six subfamilies： TRPC, TRPM, TRPV, TRPA, TRPML, TRPP. TRP ion channels which are used as cell receptors can be activated and controlled by a variety of mechanisms. In this review, the studies on TRPA1 are summarized, and the ways how the TRPA1 are activated by a variety of mode are discussed, especially the role of TRPA1 as a receptor in animals responding to various physical and chemical stimulus sig- nals. TRPA1 is a member of transient receptor potential protein （TRP） family. It is selectively expressed in hair and skin cells and in a subpopulation of neurons in the trigeminal, nodose ganglia and dorsal root. As well as other members of TRP, TRPA1 medi- ates many sensory physiological functions in animals. Current research gradually clear the role of TRPA1 ion channel in the cold sensation, thermo sensory, mechanical stimulation and pain perception in the organism by means of RNAi and gene knockout tech- nology, this will significantly promote the study of the path physiological processes and mechanisms of sensory disorders.

关 键 词：TRPA1 感觉生理 物理化学刺激 

分 类 号：O223[理学—运筹学与控制论]