防火树种选择和防火林带营造技术初探  

Preliminary study on tree species selection for fire protection and afforestation technique of fire prevention forest

作　　者：范书杰 董树国 张晓阔[3] 

机构地区：[1]承德市林业局生态工程项目管理中心,河北承德067000 [2]承德市园林局,河北承德067040 [3]河北农业大学,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北林果研究》2012年第4期408-410,共3页Hebei Journal of Forestry and Orchard Research

摘　　要：采用目测判断、直接火烧、实验测定、火场植被调查和实地营造试验的方法,探究了防火树种的选择和防火林带营造技术。结果表明:防火树种的条件主要是枝叶茂密、含水量大、含油脂少、不易燃烧、耐火性强;下层林木应耐潮湿,与上层林木种间关系相适应;生长迅速、郁闭快、适应性强、萌芽力高;无病虫害寄生和传播。防火能力较强的树种有刺槐、核桃和青杨等;防火能力较弱的树种有三裂绣线菊、华北落叶松和丁香等。防火林带的营造技术条件是造林面积在100hm2以上,防火林带一般设置在山脊、林地边缘等,主林带宽度一般为30m左右,副林带宽度为20m左右,密度越大,防火效果越好。林带营造技术措施主要有整地、栽植和抚育管护。This paper mainly discusses the choice of tree species and forest fire prevention fireproof construction technology construction, using visual judgment method, direct firing, experimental determination, vegetation investigation and field construction test. The results show that the main conditions of fire resistant tree species are lush foliage, large water content, less fat content, uneasy combustion, and strong fire resistance; the sublayer forest should be resistant to moisture, with the adaptable interspecific relationship to the upper forest; tree species are supposed to have rapid growth, fast crown closure, strong adaptability, and high canopy budding, without pests parasitism and propagation. Fire prevention ability of the species has black locust, walnut and poplar while species with weaker fireproof ability are three crack Spiraea, larch and Ding Xiang. Fire prevention forest belt is supposed to be afforestated in the area of above 100 hm^2 in technology, generally located in the ridge and woodland edges, with main belt about 30 m wide and subsidiary belt about 20 m wide generally. The higher density, the better the fire prevention effect would be by good soil preparation, planting and tending management.

关 键 词：防火树种 选择方法 防火林带 营造技术 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]