玉米核心种质构建中的表型性状选择  

Phenotypic Trait Selection in Construction of a Core Collection for Maize(Zea mays L.)

作　　者：张婷婷[1] 王琳[2] 秦红珍 李长生[1] 吴素文[3] 张春宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳雷奥现代农业科技开发有限公司,沈阳110121 [3]沈阳农业大学理学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2012年第4期418-424,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：沈阳市农业科技攻关项目(F11-087-3-00)

摘　　要：核心种质是种质资源的代表群体,表型性状的选用策略对利用表型性状构建核心种质起到至关重要的作用。以1003份玉米育成高代品系为材料,分别选用质量性状(QT1)、数量性状(QT2)、必测性状(AT)、非必测性状(TWA)和综合性状(IT)构建核心种质。通过比较核心种质的检验参数,分别将上述5种性状构建的核心种质对原始种群的代表性进行研究。结果表明:这5种核心种质质量性状的遗传多样性:IT>AT≈TWA,IT>QT2≈QT1;数量性状的遗传多样性:IT≈AT>TWA,IT>QT2>QT1;综合数量性状和质量性状的遗传多样性评价结果为:IT≈AT>TWA,IT>QT2>QT1,AT与IT结果相近。由于AT的性状数量比IT少,实际操作中AT比较方便、实用。因此利用AT构建核心种质最有代表性。The core collection is the representative of the germplasm collection. The selection of the phenotypic traits is an important prerequisite fur constructing a core collection with phenotypic traits. Five data types, i.e. qualitative traits （QT1）, quantitative traits （QT2）, asterisked traits （AT）, traits without asterisk （TWA） and integrated traits （IT）, were compared for their efficiency in constructing core collections of 1003 maize inbred lines based on the test parameters of the core collection. The results showed that the genetic diversity of qualitative traits of core was collections constructed based on the five trait data ranked in the following order： IT〉AT≈TWA and IT〉QT2≈QT1, respectively. In the same way, the genetic diversity of quantitative traits of core collections was constructed based on the five trait data ranked in the order of IT≈AT〉TWA and IT〉 QT2〉QTI, respectively. By integrating the genetic diversities of qualitative and quantitative traits, the results showed the following order：IT≈AT〉TWA,IT〉QT2〉QTI,and the efficiency of core collections constructed based on AT is close to IT. The number of AT is less than IT, so AT is very convenient for practical applications with better efficiency for the construction of core collection.

关 键 词：玉米 表型性状 核心种质 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]