人工生物净化体系对循环水养殖系统水质的影响  

Effects of Artificial Biological Purification System on Water Quality of Recirculating Aquaculture System

作　　者：李建国[1] 赵冬艳[1] 孙成渤[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院国家实验教学示范中心/水产生态与养殖重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2012年第4期39-42,共4页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

基　　金：天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目"新型封闭循环养殖生态系统应用与优化技术"(08050506)

摘　　要：循环水养殖系统中,建立以水生植物、固化了的土著微生物群落、滤食性鱼类及贝类等组成的人工净化体系可有效地降低养殖用水中的营养物质,减轻其富营养化程度,增加水质的稳定性。对比体系建立前后各主要水质指标的结果显示:未建立的2008年,净化区域的PO4-P、NH3-N、NO3-N、NO2-N、浮游植物总量的年均值分别比养殖区域高出5.44倍、1.35倍、4.03倍、2.55倍、12.77倍;而已建立该体系的2009年却相反,净化区域分别比养殖区域低了122%、146%、144%、412%、417%。2009年,水生经济植物吸收了水体中N 0.208 8 kg、P 0.267 3 kg、K 0.022 5 kg的营养元素;滤食性鱼类、贝类提取了2 229.5 kg鱼(贝)重的营养物质。系统Alk、PO4-P、NH3-N、NO3-N、NO2-N、浮游植物总量的变异系数对比2008年分别降低了8.43%、26.98%、62.33%、17.01%、0.01%、35.55%。In the recirculating aquaculture system, setting up the artificial purification system consisting of aquatic plants, cured indigenous microbial communities and filter-feeding fish and shellfish, can reduce the nutrients in the aquaculture water, lighten the eutrophication level and increase the stability of water quality effectively. Comparing the major water quality index before the system set up and those after that, the results show that in 2008 without the system, the average annual value of PO4-P, NH3-N, NO3-N, NO2-N and the phytoplankton gross in the purifying area were higher than that in the breeding area by 5.44 times, 1.35 times, 4.03 times, 2.55 times and 12.77 times, respectively. On the contrary, the data of the purifying area were lower than that of the breeding area by 122%, 146 %, 144%, 412% and 417%, respectively in 2009 with the system. In 2009, the economic aquatic plants absorbed the nutrient elements： N 0.208 8 kg, P 0.267 3 kg, K 0.022 5 kg in water and the filter-feeding fish and shellfish took 2 229.5 kg fish （shellfish） nutrients. The variation coefficient in the system of Alk, PO4-P, NH3-N, NO3-N, NO2-N and phytoplankton gross decreased by 8.43%, 26.98%, 62.33%, 17.01%, 0.01%, 35.55%, respectively compared with 2008.

关 键 词：人工生物净化体系 营养物质 水质稳定 

分 类 号：S912[农业科学—水产科学] S964.3