华北平原浅层含氟地下水演化特点及成因  

Evolution Feature and Gensis of Fluoride Groundwater in Shallow Aquifer from North China Plain

作　　者：邢丽娜[1,2] 郭华明[1,2] 魏亮[2] 詹燕红[1,2] 侯春堂[3] 李瑞敏[4] 王轶[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [3]中国地质科学院地质力学所,北京100037 [4]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081

出　　处：《地球科学与环境学报》2012年第4期57-67,共11页Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划("九七三"计划)项目(2010CB428804);中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(1212010813104)

摘　　要：以华北平原浅层地下水中氟为研究对象,在收集历史资料、实地水文地质调查、取样分析的基础上,运用水化学图解、统计分析、水文地球化学模拟等方法,对比分析了历史阶段(1980～1985年)和现阶段(2005～2010年)F-质量浓度空间分布,探讨了现阶段华北平原浅层地下水中F-的空间分布特征、演化特点及成因。结果表明:现阶段高氟水的区域范围相比历史阶段明显增加;从山前冲洪积倾斜平原补给区(Ⅰ区),到中部冲积湖积平原缓慢径流区(Ⅱ区),最后到东部冲积海积滨海平原排泄区(Ⅲ区),浅层地下水中F-质量浓度呈低→高→低的变化;高氟水的水化学类型较为复杂,HCO3-和Na+富集的苏打型碱性水化学环境有利于F-的富集,而Ca2+、Mg2+则会抑制F-的富集;高氟水的形成与其迁移、赋存的环境条件有关,在Ⅰ区地下水中F-质量浓度主要受萤石溶解作用、F-解吸作用控制,在Ⅱ区地下水中F-质量浓度受蒸发浓缩作用、萤石溶解作用、方解石-白云石沉淀作用、F-解吸作用等控制,而在Ⅲ区高氟水主要受方解石-白云石的沉淀作用、F-解吸作用、阳离子交换吸附作用等控制。Fluoride groundwater in shallow aquifer from North China Plain was taken as the object of study. Based on historic data, field hydrogeological investigation and groundwater sample analysis, spatial distributions of F- concentrations at the historical stage （1980-1985） and the present stage （2005-2010） were compared, and spatial distribution, evolution feature and gensis of fluoride groundwater in shallow aquifer from North China Plain were discussed by means of hydrogeochemical plot, statistic analysis and geochemical modeling. The results showed that compared with the historical stage, the area of groundwater with high F- concentration at the present stage significantly increased; North China Plain could be divided into alluvial-pluvial fans in the piedmont area （recharge area, Zone I ）, alluvial-lacustrine plain in the central area （slow runoff area, Zone 11 ） and alluvial-marine plain in the coastal area （discharge area, Zone Ⅱ ） ; F concentration of groundwater in shallow aquifer increased from Zone Ⅰ to Zone Ⅱ , and then declined from Zone Ⅱ to Zone Ⅲ; hydrochemical types of groundwater with high F concentration were relatively complex, soda alkaline water enriched in HCO3- and Na＋- was conducive to F enrichment, but Ca2＋ and Mg2＋ inhibited F enrichment; gensis of groundwater with high F- concentration was closely related to the aquifer condition and F transportation; F concentrations of groundwater were mainly controlled by fluorite dissolution and F- desorption in Zone Ⅰ , by evaporation-concentration, fluorite dissolution, calcite-dolomite precipitation and F desorption in Zone Ⅱ , and by calcite-dolomite precipitation, F- desorption and cation exchange sorption in Zone Ⅲ.

关 键 词：地下水 氟离子 水文地球化学 空间分布 演化特点 水化学特征 成因 华北平原 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]