Intellectual Property Rights on Plant Genetic Resources:Perspective from Economics  

作　　者：Zhang Caixia Zhou Yanping 

机构地区：[1]School of Economics and Management,Shandong Agricultural University [2]Department of Economics,University of Jinan [3]College of Economics and Management,Shandong University of Science and Technology

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》2012年第4期59-63,共5页中国人口·资源与环境（英文版）

基　　金：Project of National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 70773071,Grant No. 71173138);Project of Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry;Shandong Soft Science Research Project (Grant No. 2010RKGA3016)

摘　　要：Given the existence of transaction costs,the location of property rights is an important factor in determining the incentives for efficient levels of investment at various levels of the industry.This paper applies some of the economic theories of property rights and industrial structure to the issues concerning the conservation of biodiversity.Although the expansion of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) systems into the area of genetic resources has increased private investment in R&D process of the agriculture,it does not generate enough incentives for in situ conservation of biodiversity.To solve this economic inefficiency,farmers'rights and other design of incentives and institutional arrangement should be reconsidered.Given the existence of transaction costs, the location of property rights is an important factor in determining the incentives for efficient levels of investment at various levels of the industry. This paper applies some of the economic theories of property rights and industrial structure to the issues concerning the con- servation of biodiversity. Although the expansion of Intellectual Property Rights （IPR） systems into the area of genetic resources has increased private investment in R＆D process of the agricul- ture, it does not generate enough incentives for in situ conservation of biodiversity. To solve this economic inefficiency, farmers＇ rights and other design of incentives and institutional arrangement should be reconsidered.

关 键 词：IPR genetic resources conservation of biodiversity sustainable use 

分 类 号：S326[农业科学—作物遗传育种]